Fam Bibiana S O, Paré Pamela, Felkl Aline B, Vargas-Pinilla Pedro, Paixão-Côrtes Vanessa R, Viscardi Lucas Henriques, Bortolini Maria Cátira
Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Genet Mol Biol. 2018;41(1 suppl 1):235-242. doi: 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2017-0069. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
Domestication is of unquestionable importance to the technological revolution that has given rise to modern human societies. In this study, we analyzed the DNA and protein sequences of six genes of the oxytocin and arginine vasopressin systems (OXT-OXTR; AVP-AVPR1a, AVPR1b and AVPR2) in 40 placental mammals. These systems play an important role in the control of physiology and behavior. According to our analyses, neutrality does not explain the pattern of molecular evolution found in some of these genes. We observed specific sites under positive selection in AVPR1b (ω = 1.429, p = 0.001) and AVPR2 (ω= 1.49, p = 0.001), suggesting that they could be involved in behavior and physiological changes, including those related to the domestication process. Furthermore, AVPR1a, which plays a role in social behavior, is under relaxed selective constraint in domesticated species. These results provide new insights into the nature of the domestication process and its impact on the OXT-AVP system.
驯化对于引发现代人类社会的技术革命具有毋庸置疑的重要性。在本研究中，我们分析了40种胎盘哺乳动物中催产素和精氨酸加压素系统（OXT - OXTR；AVP - AVPR1a、AVPR1b和AVPR2）的六个基因的DNA和蛋白质序列。这些系统在生理和行为控制中发挥着重要作用。根据我们的分析，中性不能解释在这些基因中的一些所发现的分子进化模式。我们在AVPR1b（ω = 1.429，p = 0.001）和AVPR2（ω = 1.49，p = 0.001）中观察到处于正选择下的特定位点，这表明它们可能参与了行为和生理变化，包括与驯化过程相关的变化。此外，在社交行为中起作用的AVPR1a在驯化物种中处于松弛的选择约束之下。这些结果为驯化过程的本质及其对OXT - AVP系统的影响提供了新的见解。
