Association of Maternal and Fetal Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Metalloproteinase (, , , and ) Genes with Preeclampsia.

BACKGROUND

Metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a pivotal role during the process of trophoblast invasion and placentation. The appearance of five functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the genes of the metalloproteinases most commonly implicated in the implantation process may influence the development of preeclampsia.

METHODS

Blood samples were collected from 86 mothers and 86 children after preeclampsia and 85 mothers and 85 children with uncomplicated pregnancies. The distribution of genotypes for -1607 1G/2G , -735 C/T , -1306 C/T , -1171 5A/6A , and -1562C/T polymorphisms was determined by RFLP-PCR.

RESULTS

The occurrence of 1G/1G or 5A/5A genotype in the mother or 1G/1G or 5A/6A genotype in the child is associated with preeclampsia development. Moreover, simultaneous maternal and fetal 1G/1G homozygosity increases the risk of preeclampsia development 2.39-fold and the set of maternal 5A/5A and fetal 5A/6A genotypes by over 4.5 times. No association between the carriage of studied or polymorphisms and the predisposition to preeclampsia was found.

CONCLUSION

The maternal 1G/1G and 5A/5A and fetal 1G/1G and 5A/6A gene polymorphisms may be strong genetic markers of preeclampsia, occurring either individually or together.