Michel Viktoria, Ulber Claudia, Pöhle Dietrich, Köpke Beate, Engel Katharina, Kaim Ute, Fawzy Ahmad, Funk Sophie, Fornefett Juliane, Baums Christoph Georg, Eisenberg Tobias
Naturschutz-Tierpark Görlitz e. V., Zittauer Str. 43, 02826, Görlitz, Germany.
Landesuntersuchungsanstalt für das Gesundheits- und Veterinärwesen Sachsen (LUA), Jägerstr. 8/10, 01099, Dresden, Germany.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2018 Oct;111(10):1955-1966. doi: 10.1007/s10482-018-1085-x. Epub 2018 Apr 18.
Rat bite fever is an under-reported, under-diagnosed emerging zoonosis with worldwide distribution. Besides Spirillum minus, Streptobacillus moniliformis is the major causative microorganism although it usually colonises rats without any clinical signs. A group of house rats (Rattus rattus) kept in a zoo exhibition for educational purposes suffered from neurological signs including disorientation, torticollis, stall walking, ataxia and death. Gross pathological and histo-pathological examinations of the investigated rats revealed high-grade otitis interna et media, from which Streptobacillus notomytis was isolated in pure culture or as the predominant microorganism. This case series underlines a previously expressed hypothesis that R. rattus might be naturally colonised with S. notomytis, whereas the traditional rat bite fever organism, S. moniliformis, might be restricted to the Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus). However, the general paucity of Streptobacillus isolates, especially from their respective animal hosts, precludes definitive proof of these host tropisms. This is the first report of S. notomytis detection outside Asia and Australia and the first evidence for its role as a facultative pathogen in house rats.
鼠咬热是一种报告不足、诊断不足的新发人畜共患病，在全球范围内均有分布。除小螺菌外，念珠状链杆菌是主要的致病微生物，尽管它通常在大鼠体内定植但无任何临床症状。一群为教育目的饲养在动物园展览中的家鼠（褐家鼠）出现了包括定向障碍、斜颈、转圈行走、共济失调和死亡在内的神经症状。对所调查大鼠进行的大体病理和组织病理学检查显示患有重度中耳和内耳炎，从中分离出了纯培养的诺托鼠链杆菌或作为主要微生物。该病例系列强调了先前提出的一个假设，即褐家鼠可能自然感染诺托鼠链杆菌，而传统的鼠咬热病原体念珠状链杆菌可能仅限于挪威鼠（褐鼠）。然而，链杆菌分离株普遍较少，尤其是来自其各自动物宿主的分离株，使得无法确凿证明这些宿主嗜性。这是诺托鼠链杆菌在亚洲和澳大利亚以外地区被检测到的首次报告，也是其作为家鼠兼性病原体作用的首个证据。
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