Neuropsychological Diagnostic and Therapy Centre, Chmielna, 80-748 Gdansk, Poland.
Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk, Bażyńskiego 4, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Apr 19;15(4):800. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040800.
Childhood is an important and sensitive period for cognitive development. There is limited published research regarding the relationship between sports and cognitive functions in children. We present studies that demonstrate the influence of physical activity on health, especially a positive correlation between sports and cognitive functions. The keywords “children, cognition, cognitive function, physical activity, and brain” were searched for using PsycInfo, Medline, and Google Scholar, with publication dates ranging from January 2000 to November 2017. Of the 617 results, 58 articles strictly connected to the main topics of physical activity and cognitive functioning were then reviewed. The areas of attention, thinking, language, learning, and memory were analyzed relative to sports and childhood. Results suggest that engaging in sports in late childhood positively influences cognitive and emotional functions. There is a paucity of publications that investigate the impact of sports on pre-adolescents’ cognitive functions, or explore which cognitive functions are developed by which sporting disciplines. Such knowledge would be useful in developing training programs for pre-adolescents, aimed at improving cognitive functions that may guide both researchers and practitioners relative to the wide range of benefits that result from physical activity.
儿童期是认知发展的重要和敏感时期。关于运动与儿童认知功能之间的关系，发表的研究有限。我们介绍了一些研究，这些研究表明了体育活动对健康的影响，尤其是运动与认知功能之间存在正相关关系。使用 PsycInfo、Medline 和 Google Scholar 以“儿童、认知、认知功能、体育活动和大脑”为关键词搜索，检索日期范围为 2000 年 1 月至 2017 年 11 月。在 617 项结果中，然后回顾了 58 篇与体育活动和认知功能密切相关的文章。分析了注意力、思维、语言、学习和记忆等领域与运动和儿童期的关系。结果表明，在儿童晚期进行体育活动对认知和情绪功能有积极影响。关于运动对青春期前儿童认知功能的影响，或者探索哪些认知功能是由哪些运动学科发展的，发表的文献很少。这种知识对于为青春期前儿童制定训练计划很有用，目的是提高认知功能，这可能会为研究人员和从业者提供指导，因为体育活动会带来广泛的益处。
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