Department of Counseling, Administration, Supervision, and Adult Learning, Cleveland State University.
Department of Sociology, Fu Jen Catholic University.
J Couns Psychol. 2018 Apr;65(3):383-393. doi: 10.1037/cou0000271.
The association between gratefulness and well-being is well established; however, few studies have examined the mechanisms that underlie this association. The broaden-and-build theory (Fredrickson, 1998, 2001) posits that positive emotions broaden individuals' momentary thought-action repertoires, which serve to build personal resources that can be drawn upon during future stressful encounters. Based on this theory, the current study examined whether gratefulness, a positive emotion, would build social and cognitive resources in terms of social connectedness and presence of meaning in life (i.e., mediators), which subsequently contribute to subjective well-being (SWB). A total of 232 students participated in an online survey at 2 different time points (3 months apart). The mediational hypothesis was tested by latent change score analyses using structural equation modeling techniques. The results showed that changes in gratefulness predicted changes in social connectedness and presence of meaning in life, which, in turn, predicted changes in SWB. The study's findings provided further support for the broaden-and-build theory and suggested that gratefulness is an important positive emotion that contributes to SWB through increased social connectedness and a greater presence of meaning in life. (PsycINFO Database Record
感恩与幸福感之间的关系已经得到了很好的证实；然而，很少有研究探讨这种关系背后的机制。拓宽与建设理论（弗雷德里克森，1998 年，2001 年）认为，积极情绪拓宽了个体当下的思维-行为范围，为个人资源的建设提供了基础，这些资源可以在未来的压力事件中被利用。基于这一理论，本研究探讨了感恩这种积极情绪是否会通过社交联系和生活意义的存在（即中介变量）来构建社会和认知资源，进而对主观幸福感（SWB）产生影响。共有 232 名学生在两个不同的时间点（相隔 3 个月）通过在线调查参与了研究。中介假设通过使用结构方程建模技术的潜在变化分数分析进行了检验。结果表明，感恩的变化预测了社交联系和生活意义的存在的变化，而这两个变量又反过来预测了主观幸福感的变化。该研究的结果进一步支持了拓宽与建设理论，并表明感恩是一种重要的积极情绪，通过增加社交联系和生活意义的存在，对主观幸福感产生影响。
