Aishworiya Ramkumar, Kiing Jennifer Sh, Chan Yiong Huak, Tung Serena Sw, Law Evelyn
Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore.
Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2018 Aug;54(8):889-894. doi: 10.1111/jpc.13918. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
Children with developmental disabilities are at risk of excessive screen time and are more vulnerable to sleep problems. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of screen time use in children with developmental disabilities and its relationship with sleep duration.
Consecutive children aged 6-15 years diagnosed with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth or Fifth Edition (DSM-IV or DSM-5) developmental disabilities were recruited for this study from December 2014 to April 2015. Of those recruited, 87.0% of families gave consent and provided questionnaire information on demographics and child's screen time use and completed the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire.
Parents of 102 children in a tertiary-care developmental clinic completed the study. The mean age of children was 10 years, 1 month (standard deviation (SD), 22.7 months). The mean daily total screen time exposure was 2 h, 52.7 min (172.7 min, SD 120.8 min), with a median of 150.0 min. The mean amount of sleep per weekday was 8 h, 23.3 min (SD 64.6 min). Linear regression showed that, for every additional 9.17 min of screen time per day, sleep was reduced by 1 min (β = -0.11, P = 0.04). Older age (β = -0.64, P = 0.02) and living with a single parent (β = -69.29, P = 0.003) were also associated with less sleep.
Among children with developmental disabilities, greater daily screen time is associated with lower sleep duration. Older children and those from single-parent families are at risk of lower sleep duration. Clinicians should routinely ask about screen time exposure and sleep habits in order to provide appropriate anticipatory guidance.
发育障碍儿童面临屏幕使用时间过长的风险，且更容易出现睡眠问题。本研究旨在确定发育障碍儿童的屏幕使用时间范围及其与睡眠时间的关系。
2014年12月至2015年4月，连续招募了年龄在6至15岁、被诊断为《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版或第五版（DSM-IV或DSM-5）发育障碍的儿童参与本研究。在招募的儿童中，87.0%的家庭同意并提供了有关人口统计学和儿童屏幕使用时间的问卷信息，并完成了儿童睡眠习惯问卷。
一家三级护理发育诊所的102名儿童的家长完成了本研究。儿童的平均年龄为10岁1个月（标准差（SD）为22.7个月）。平均每日屏幕总使用时间为2小时52.7分钟（172.7分钟，SD为120.8分钟），中位数为150.0分钟。每个工作日的平均睡眠时间为8小时23.3分钟（SD为64.6分钟）。线性回归显示，每天屏幕使用时间每增加9.17分钟，睡眠时间就减少1分钟（β=-0.11，P=0.04）。年龄较大（β=-0.64，P=0.02）和与单亲生活在一起（β=-69.29，P=0.003）也与睡眠时间减少有关。
在发育障碍儿童中，每日屏幕使用时间越长，睡眠时间越短。年龄较大的儿童和单亲家庭的儿童睡眠时间较短的风险更高。临床医生应常规询问屏幕使用时间和睡眠习惯，以便提供适当的预期指导。
