Bidmos Mubarak A, Dayal Manisha R, Adegboye Oyelola A
College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.
Forensic Sci Int. 2018 Jun;287:221.e1-221.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.03.016. Epub 2018 Mar 29.
As part of their routine work, forensic anthropologists are expected to report population affinity as part of the biological profile of an individual. The skull is the most widely used bone for the estimation of population affinity but it is not always present in a forensic case. Thus, other bones that preserve well have been shown to give a good indication of either the sex or population affinity of an individual. In this study, the potential of measurements of the talus was investigated for the purpose of estimating population affinity in South Africans. Nine measurements from two hundred and twenty tali of South African Africans (SAA) and South African Whites (SAW) from the Raymond A. Dart Collection of Human Skeletons were used. Direct and step-wise discriminant function and logistic regression analyses were carried out using SPSS and SAS. Talar length was the best single variable for discriminating between these two groups for males while in females the head height was the best single predictor. Average accuracies for correct population affinity classification using logistic regression analysis were higher than those obtained from discriminant function analysis. This study was the first of its type to employ discriminant function analyses and logistic regression analyses to estimate the population affinity of an individual from the talus. Thus these equations can now be used by South African anthropologists when estimating the population affinity of dismembered or damaged or incomplete skeletal remains of SAA and SAW.
作为日常工作的一部分，法医人类学家需要报告人群亲缘关系，作为个体生物学特征的一部分。颅骨是用于估计人群亲缘关系最常用的骨骼，但在法医案件中并不总是存在。因此，其他保存完好的骨骼已被证明可以很好地指示个体的性别或人群亲缘关系。在本研究中，为了估计南非人的人群亲缘关系，对距骨测量的潜力进行了调查。使用了雷蒙德·A·达特人类骨骼收藏中220个南非非洲人（SAA）和南非白人（SAW）的距骨进行九项测量。使用SPSS和SAS进行直接和逐步判别函数分析以及逻辑回归分析。距骨长度是区分这两组男性的最佳单一变量，而在女性中，头部高度是最佳单一预测指标。使用逻辑回归分析进行正确人群亲缘关系分类的平均准确率高于从判别函数分析中获得的准确率。本研究是同类研究中首次采用判别函数分析和逻辑回归分析来从距骨估计个体的人群亲缘关系。因此，南非人类学家在估计SAA和SAW的肢解、受损或不完整骨骼遗骸的人群亲缘关系时，现在可以使用这些方程。
