Bidmos Mubarak Ariyo, Dayal Manisha Ramanlal
School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2003 Dec;24(4):322-8. doi: 10.1097/01.paf.0000098507.78553.4a.
The field of forensic anthropology involves the building of an antemortem profile of an individual from skeletal remains. This includes sex and race determination and age and stature estimation. Since most bones that are conventionally used for sex determination are often recovered either in a fragmented or incomplete state, it has become necessary to use denser bones that are often recovered intact, eg, the patella, calcaneus, and talus. Thus the aim of this study is to assess the sex-determining ability of each of the measurements of the talus and derive discriminant function equations for sex determination in the South African white population. Sixty male and 60 female tali of South African whites obtained from the Raymond A. Dart Collection of Human Skeletons were used. Nine measurements were taken on each talus. Descriptive statistics and discriminant function analysis were performed on the acquired data. The basic statistics showed that all measurements were sexually dimorphic. Univariate, stepwise, and direct discriminant function equations were generated for use in sex determination. The level of average accuracy of sex classification was 80% to 82% for the univariate method, 85% to 88% for the stepwise method, and 81% to 86% for the direct method. It is concluded that the talus of South African whites is useful for sex determination.
法医人类学领域涉及根据骨骼残骸构建个体的生前档案。这包括性别和种族判定以及年龄和身高估计。由于传统上用于性别判定的大多数骨骼常常是破碎或不完整的状态被发现，因此有必要使用通常完整发现的密度较大的骨骼，例如髌骨、跟骨和距骨。因此，本研究的目的是评估距骨各项测量指标的性别判定能力，并推导南非白人人群性别判定的判别函数方程。使用了从雷蒙德·A·达特人类骨骼收藏中获取的60例南非白人男性和60例南非白人女性的距骨。对每个距骨进行了9项测量。对获取的数据进行了描述性统计和判别函数分析。基本统计表明所有测量指标都存在性别差异。生成了单变量、逐步和直接判别函数方程用于性别判定。单变量方法的性别分类平均准确率为80%至82%，逐步方法为85%至88%，直接方法为81%至86%。得出结论，南非白人的距骨可用于性别判定。
