Regioselective Simmons-Smith-type cyclopropanations of polyalkenes enabled by transition metal catalysis.

A [ PDI]CoBr complex (PDI = pyridine-diimine) catalyzes Simmons-Smith-type reductive cyclopropanation reactions using CHBr in combination with Zn. In contrast to its non-catalytic variant, the cobalt-catalyzed cyclopropanation is capable of discriminating between alkenes of similar electronic properties based on their substitution patterns: monosubstituted > 1,1-disubstituted > ()-1,2-disubstituted > ()-1,2-disubstituted > trisubstituted. This property enables synthetically useful yields to be achieved for the monocyclopropanation of polyalkene substrates, including terpene derivatives and conjugated 1,3-dienes. Mechanistic studies implicate a carbenoid species containing both Co and Zn as the catalytically relevant methylene transfer agent.