Rovira i Virgili University, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, Reus, Spain; University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Nutrition Unit, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Rovira i Virgili University, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Human Nutrition Unit, Reus, Spain; University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Nutrition Unit, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2018 May-Jun;61(1):62-67. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.04.006. Epub 2018 Apr 18.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality is increasing, representing an important public health issue worldwide. It is well-known that risk of CVD is substantially influenced by lifestyle, including poor diet, tobacco smoking and physical inactivity. In the last years, the so-called Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) has been associated with broad healthy benefits on human health, including protection against CVD. The present narrative review aimed to summarize and discuss the evidence from meta-analyses of epidemiological and clinical trials analyzing MedDiet and CVD risk. The MedDiet is one of the best dietary patterns analyzed in relation to CVD risk and other health outcomes. Studies demonstrated that MedDiet has beneficial effects in the prevention of total and specific types of CVD, albeit a moderate-high degree of inconsistency has been reported and few studies have been included in most of the meta-analyses. As consequence, more high-quality prospective cohorts and randomized clinical trials are warranted in order to increase the confidence in the effect estimates.
心血管疾病（CVD）的发病率和死亡率正在上升，这是一个全球性的重要公共卫生问题。众所周知，CVD 的风险在很大程度上受到生活方式的影响，包括不良饮食、吸烟和缺乏身体活动。近年来，所谓的地中海饮食（MedDiet）与人类健康的广泛健康益处相关，包括预防 CVD。本综述旨在总结和讨论分析 MedDiet 与 CVD 风险及其他健康结果的荟萃分析中的证据。MedDiet 是分析与 CVD 风险和其他健康结果相关的最佳饮食模式之一。研究表明，MedDiet 对预防总 CVD 和特定类型的 CVD 具有有益作用，尽管报告了中度到高度的不一致性，并且大多数荟萃分析中只包括了少数研究。因此，需要更多高质量的前瞻性队列研究和随机临床试验，以提高对效应估计的信心。
