Heart Failure and Transplant Group-Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil.
Nutrition Graduate Course, Universidade Federal do Pampa, UNIPAMPA, Itaqui 97650-000, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2018 Jan 10;10(1):58. doi: 10.3390/nu10010058.
Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome and is recognized as the ultimate pathway of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies using nutritional strategies based on dietary patterns have proved to be effective for the prevention and treatment of CVD. Although there are studies that support the protective effect of these diets, their effects on the prevention of HF are not clear yet.
We searched the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases for studies that examined dietary patterns, such as dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH diet), paleolithic, vegetarian, low-carb and low-fat diets and prevention of HF. No limitations were used during the search in the databases.
A total of 1119 studies were identified, 14 met the inclusion criteria. Studies regarding the Mediterranean, DASH, vegetarian, and Paleolithic diets were found. The Mediterranean and DASH diets showed a protective effect on the incidence of HF and/or worsening of cardiac function parameters, with a significant difference in relation to patients who did not adhere to these dietary patterns.
It is observed that the adoption of Mediterranean or DASH-type dietary patterns may contribute to the prevention of HF, but these results need to be analyzed with caution due to the low quality of evidence.
心力衰竭（HF）是一种复杂的综合征，被认为是心血管疾病（CVD）的最终途径。基于饮食模式的营养策略研究已被证明对 CVD 的预防和治疗有效。尽管有研究支持这些饮食的保护作用，但它们对 HF 预防的影响尚不清楚。
我们在 Medline、Embase 和 Cochrane 数据库中搜索了研究饮食模式的文章，例如高血压饮食防治计划（DASH 饮食）、原始人饮食、素食、低碳水化合物和低脂肪饮食与 HF 预防。在数据库中搜索时没有使用任何限制。
共确定了 1119 项研究，其中 14 项符合纳入标准。发现了关于地中海、DASH、素食和原始人饮食的研究。地中海和 DASH 饮食对 HF 的发病率和/或心脏功能参数的恶化有保护作用，与不遵循这些饮食模式的患者相比，差异有统计学意义。
采用地中海或 DASH 型饮食模式可能有助于预防 HF，但由于证据质量低，这些结果需要谨慎分析。
