Fisher D L, Duffy S A, Young C, Pollatsek A
College of Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1988 May;14(2):253-66. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.14.2.253.
Effects of load (i.e., the number of stimuli in the display) have been observed in multiple-frame studies using a consistent mapping of stimuli to responses (e.g., Fisher, 1982, 1984). In a series of four experiments, it is shown that these effects are not the consequence of differences across the high- and low-load conditions in either decision noise or peripheral masking. Additionally, it is shown that of two modes of limited capacity (a limited-channel and divided-capacity model) considered as possible explanations of load effects in tasks where subjects are required to locate a target, only one--the limited-channel model--is consistent with the results from all three location tasks. Finally, it is argued that the limited-channel model predicts not only the behavior observed in the four consistent-mapping experiments reported in this article but also the behavior observed in several related consistent-mapping tasks (Kleiss & Lane, 1986; Shiffrin & Gardner, 1972).
在使用刺激与反应的一致映射的多帧研究中（例如，Fisher，1982年、1984年），已经观察到负荷（即显示器中的刺激数量）的影响。在一系列四项实验中，结果表明，这些影响并非高负荷和低负荷条件在决策噪声或外周掩蔽方面存在差异的结果。此外，结果表明，在被视为受试者需要定位目标的任务中负荷效应的可能解释的两种有限容量模式（有限通道和分配容量模型）中，只有一种——有限通道模型——与所有三个定位任务的结果一致。最后，有人认为，有限通道模型不仅预测了本文报道的四个一致映射实验中观察到的行为，还预测了在几个相关的一致映射任务中观察到的行为（Kleiss & Lane，1986年；Shiffrin & Gardner，1972年）。
