Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, USA.
Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, USA.
J Behav Med. 2018 Dec;41(6):771-783. doi: 10.1007/s10865-018-9925-8. Epub 2018 Apr 20.
Fear of blood and needles increases risk for presyncopal symptoms. Applied muscle tension can prevent or attenuate presyncopal symptoms; however, it is not universally effective. This study examined the effects of applied muscle tension, a respiratory intervention, and a no treatment control condition, on presyncopal symptoms and cerebral oxygenation, during a simulated blood draw with individuals highly fearful of needles. Participants (n = 95) completed questionnaires, physiological monitoring, and two trials of a simulated blood draw with recovery. Presyncopal symptoms decreased across trials; however, no group differences emerged. Applied muscle tension was associated with greater cerebral oxygenation during trial two, and greater end-tidal carbon dioxide during both trials. The respiratory intervention did not differ from the no treatment control. Applied muscle tension is an intervention that can increase cerebral oxygenation and end-tidal carbon dioxide. While the respiratory intervention is promising within therapeutic settings, it was not efficacious after a brief audio training.
对血液和针头的恐惧会增加先兆晕厥症状的风险。应用肌肉紧张可以预防或减轻先兆晕厥症状；然而，它并非普遍有效。本研究在高度害怕针头的个体中进行了模拟采血，以研究应用肌肉紧张、呼吸干预和无治疗对照条件对先兆晕厥症状和脑氧合的影响。参与者（n=95）完成了问卷、生理监测，并进行了两次模拟采血和恢复。先兆晕厥症状在试验中逐渐减轻；然而，组间没有差异。应用肌肉紧张与第二次试验期间的大脑氧合增加有关，并且在两次试验中都与呼气末二氧化碳增加有关。呼吸干预与无治疗对照没有区别。应用肌肉紧张是一种可以增加脑氧合和呼气末二氧化碳的干预措施。虽然呼吸干预在治疗环境中很有前景，但在短暂的音频训练后，它并不有效。
