Tropical Conservation Biology and Environmental Science Graduate Program, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA; Marine Science Department, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
Marine Science Department, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St., Hilo, HI 96720, USA.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2018 Apr;129(1):70-80. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.02.005. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
Sewage pollution is contributing to the global decline of coral reefs. Identifying locations where it is entering waters near reefs is therefore a management priority. Our study documented shoreline sewage pollution hotspots in a coastal community with a fringing coral reef (Puakō, Hawai'i) using dye tracer studies, sewage indicator measurements, and a pollution scoring tool. Sewage reached shoreline waters within 9 h to 3 d. Fecal indicator bacteria concentrations were high and variable, and δN macroalgal values were indicative of sewage at many stations. Shoreline nutrient concentrations were two times higher than those in upland groundwater. Pollution hotspots were identified with a scoring tool using three sewage indicators. It confirmed known locations of sewage pollution from dye tracer studies. Our study highlights the need for a multi-indicator approach and scoring tool to identify sewage pollution hotspots. This approach will be useful for other coastal communities grappling with sewage pollution.
污水污染正在导致全球珊瑚礁的减少。因此，确定污水进入珊瑚礁附近水域的位置是管理的重点。本研究使用示踪染料研究、污水指标测量和污染评分工具，记录了有边缘珊瑚礁的沿海社区（夏威夷普阿科）的沿海水域污水污染热点。污水在 9 小时至 3 天内到达近岸水域。粪便指示菌浓度高且变化大，许多站位的δN 大型藻类值表明存在污水。近岸营养盐浓度是高地地下水的两倍。污染热点是使用三种污水指标的评分工具确定的。它证实了示踪染料研究中已知的污水污染位置。本研究强调需要采用多指标方法和评分工具来确定污水污染热点。这种方法将对其他面临污水污染问题的沿海社区有用。
