Dentlinger Skylar, McDermid Karla J, Weyenberg Grady, Jim Laura M R, Rice Marc R, Balazs George H
Department of Marine Science, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA. Current address: Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149, USA. E-mail:
Department of Marine Science, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii 96720, USA. E-mail:
Zool Stud. 2024 Jun 26;62:e16. doi: 10.6620/ZS.2024.63-16. eCollection 2024.
The Hawaiian population of green turtles () has increased since Federal and State protections were implemented in the mid 1970s, and reported stranding events have also increased. This study analyzed Hawai'i Island data: stranding location, date, size, sex, presence/absence of tumors, stranding status, and cause of stranding. A total of 754 stranded green turtles was reported from 1983-2022: 379 stranded on the east (windward) coast of Hawai'i Island and 375 on the west (leeward) coast. Strandings peaked in 2011 and 2018 and were highest from March to August. The most common known cause of stranding was hook-and-line fishing gear (21.4% of total strandings), followed by fibropapillomatosis (7.2%), human take (4.4%), miscellaneous (3.7%), boat impact (3.3%), shark attack (3.2%), and net (2.1%); however, 54.8% of strandings had no known cause. Statistical modeling did not provide convincing evidence of temporal changes in the distribution of strandings across three consolidated cause categories: human-caused; predation, disease, and weather; and unknown. Stranded turtles on east Hawai'i Island had a higher frequency of fibropapillomatosis, whereas west Hawai'i stranded turtles showed higher incidence of shark attacks. These results provide the first comprehensive analyses of stranding data from Hawai'i Island and provide information that can inform resource managers, policy makers, and the public about the various types and magnitudes of impacts, anthropogenic and natural, to green turtles so that mitigation measures can be put into practice. Our findings allow for comparison with other green turtle populations worldwide.
自20世纪70年代中期实施联邦和州保护措施以来，夏威夷绿海龟（）的数量有所增加，报告的搁浅事件也有所增加。本研究分析了夏威夷岛的数据：搁浅地点、日期、大小、性别、是否有肿瘤、搁浅状态和搁浅原因。1983年至2022年共报告了754只搁浅的绿海龟：379只搁浅在夏威夷岛的东（迎风）海岸，375只搁浅在西（背风）海岸。搁浅事件在2011年和2018年达到峰值，3月至8月最为频繁。已知最常见的搁浅原因是钩钓渔具（占总搁浅数的21.4%），其次是纤维乳头瘤病（7.2%）、人类捕获（4.4%）、其他（3.7%）、船只撞击（3.3%）、鲨鱼袭击（3.2%）和渔网（2.1%）；然而，54.8%的搁浅原因不明。统计模型没有提供令人信服的证据表明搁浅分布在三个综合原因类别中随时间变化：人为造成的；捕食、疾病和天气；以及不明原因。夏威夷岛东部搁浅的海龟纤维乳头瘤病发病率较高，而夏威夷岛西部搁浅的海龟鲨鱼袭击发生率较高。这些结果首次对夏威夷岛的搁浅数据进行了全面分析，并提供了信息，可让资源管理者、政策制定者和公众了解对绿海龟的各种人为和自然影响的类型和程度，以便实施缓解措施。我们的研究结果有助于与全球其他绿海龟种群进行比较。
