Architecture and Reactivity of RNA, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, France.
FEBS Lett. 2018 Jun;592(12):1980-1996. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.13067. Epub 2018 May 8.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved small regulatory RNAs that participate in the adjustment of many, if not all, fundamental biological processes. Molecular mechanisms involved in miRNA biogenesis and mode of action have been elucidated in the past two decades. Similar to many cellular pathways, miRNA processing and function can be globally or specifically regulated at several levels and by numerous proteins and RNAs. Given their role as fine-tuning molecules, it is essential for miRNA expression to be tightly regulated in order to maintain cellular homeostasis. Here, we review our current knowledge of the first step of their maturation occurring in the nucleus and how it can be specifically and dynamically modulated.
微小 RNA（miRNA）是进化上保守的小调控 RNA，参与许多（如果不是全部）基本生物过程的调节。过去二十年中，阐明了 miRNA 生物发生和作用模式的分子机制。与许多细胞途径一样，miRNA 的加工和功能可以在几个水平上被多种蛋白质和 RNA 进行全局或特异性调节。鉴于它们作为微调分子的作用，miRNA 表达必须受到严格调控，以维持细胞内稳态。在这里，我们回顾了 miRNA 成熟过程中发生在核内的第一步及其如何被特异性和动态调节的现有知识。
