Wyganowska-Świątkowska Marzena, Duda-Sobczak Anna, Tarnowski Mateusz, Lipski Jakub, Surdacka Anna, Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz Dorota
Przegl Lek. 2016;73(10):750-3.
Chronic microvascular complications of type 1 diabetes relate to small and medium-sized vessels and clinically manifest as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy as well as periodontitis. Cigarette smoking significantly modifies the course of inflammation in subjects without diabetes. The aim of the study was to assess the periodontal status in smoking and non-smoking subjects with type 1 diabetes.
115 subjects with type 1 diabetes, median age 32 years (IQR 25-38), median HbA1c 8.3% (7.4-9.4) were included. Assessed gingival indices comprised API, SBI, GI.
Smoking cigarettes was more frequent among men compared to women (p = 0.03). API was lower among women compared to men (p = 0.004). There was no correlation between HbA1c and gingival indexes, however, people achieving good metabolic control (HbA1c≤6.5%) had a lower API (p = 0.039). Smokers presented lower SBI compared to non- -smokers (p = 0.03).
People with type 1 diabetes smoking cigarettes present lower gingival bleeding compared to non-smokers. In people with poor metabolic control of type 1 diabetes there is an increased accumulation of dental plaque in comparison with well-controlled type 1 diabetic patients.
1型糖尿病的慢性微血管并发症与中小血管相关，临床表现为视网膜病变、肾病、神经病变以及牙周炎。吸烟会显著改变非糖尿病患者的炎症进程。本研究的目的是评估吸烟和不吸烟的1型糖尿病患者的牙周状况。
纳入115例1型糖尿病患者，中位年龄32岁（四分位间距25 - 38岁），中位糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）为8.3%（7.4 - 9.4）。评估的牙龈指数包括菌斑指数（API）、龈沟出血指数（SBI）、牙龈指数（GI）。
男性吸烟率高于女性（p = 0.03）。女性的API低于男性（p = 0.004）。HbA1c与牙龈指数之间无相关性，然而，代谢控制良好（HbA1c≤6.5%）的人群API较低（p = 0.039）。吸烟者的SBI低于非吸烟者（p = 0.03）。
与非吸烟者相比，吸烟的1型糖尿病患者牙龈出血较少。与血糖控制良好的1型糖尿病患者相比，血糖控制不佳的1型糖尿病患者牙菌斑堆积增多。
