Reid Amanda L, Strugnell Jan M
Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW Australia 2010..
Zootaxa. 2018 Jan 7;4369(4):451-486. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4369.4.1.
A new species of pygmy squid, Idiosepius hallami n. sp., is described from eastern Australia. It differs from I. notoides Berry, 1921 and I. pygmaeus Steenstrup, 1881 (also found in Australian waters) in a number of traits, including the number of club suckers, shape of the funnel-mantle locking apparatus and the modification of the male hectocotylus. Mitochondrial DNA markers (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1) indicate that it is also distinct on a molecular level. The new Australian species is also recognised as the taxon from Stradbroke I., Queensland for which the entire mitochondrial genome has been sequenced (Hall et al. 2014). Idiosepius hallami n. sp. is compared with all nominal Idiosepius Steenstrup, 1881 and a current summary of Idiosepius systematics is provided as a basis for future studies. Based on our analyses, we propose the elevation of the 'notoides' clade to the new genus Xipholeptos n. gen., retaining Idiosepius as the genetic epithet for all other nominal idiosepiids. This is supported by: monophyly of the two lineages based on molecular data sets, the level of sequence divergence between these lineages, and morphological differences. The 'notoides' clade is endemic to southern Australia and its basal phylogenetic position suggests that the family may have originated in the Australasian region. Idiosepiids are found in seagrass beds and among mangroves-among the most threatened ecosystems in the world.
一种新的侏儒乌贼物种——哈氏侏儒乌贼（Idiosepius hallami n. sp.）在澳大利亚东部被发现并被描述。它在许多特征上与1921年发现的诺氏侏儒乌贼（I. notoides Berry）和1881年发现的侏儒乌贼（I. pygmaeus Steenstrup，也在澳大利亚海域被发现）不同，包括腕吸盘数量、漏斗-外套膜闭锁装置的形状以及雄性交接腕的形态。线粒体DNA标记（12S rRNA、16S rRNA和细胞色素c氧化酶亚基1）表明，它在分子水平上也具有独特性。这个新的澳大利亚物种也被认为是来自昆士兰州斯特拉德布鲁克岛的分类单元，其完整的线粒体基因组已被测序（霍尔等人，2014年）。哈氏侏儒乌贼（Idiosepius hallami n. sp.）与所有已命名的侏儒乌贼属（Idiosepius Steenstrup，1881年）物种进行了比较，并提供了当前侏儒乌贼系统分类的总结，作为未来研究的基础。基于我们的分析，我们提议将“诺氏侏儒乌贼分支”提升为一个新的属——窄体乌贼属（Xipholeptos n. gen.），将侏儒乌贼属（Idiosepius）保留为所有其他已命名的侏儒乌贼类群的属名。这一提议得到了以下证据的支持：基于分子数据集的两个谱系的单系性、这些谱系之间的序列差异水平以及形态差异。“诺氏侏儒乌贼分支”是澳大利亚南部特有的，其基部的系统发育位置表明该科可能起源于澳大拉西亚地区。侏儒乌贼类群生活在海草床和红树林中，而这些是世界上受威胁最严重的生态系统之一。
