Shuster Sam
Department of Dermatology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2018 Apr 10;11:117-121. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S157669. eCollection 2018.
The continued discussion about the meaning of Camus's famous novel, , provoked a re-reading, and this, in turn, led to its clinical analysis and further investigation. The book rests entirely on the thoughts, words and actions of its central character, Meursault, and these were found to show impairment of social relationships, communication and interaction, with other traits diagnostic of the Asperger's subgroup of the autism spectrum disorder. It was then found that Camus had based Meursault on his close friend Galindo, and a search was therefore made for evidence of Galindo's character; this revealed him to be an intelligent but odd person, who exhibited the characteristic impairment of social and personal behavior of Asperger's syndrome. Thus, Camus had recognized and understood his friend's strange behavior before Asperger's syndrome had been defined; his use of it for the creation of Meursault is therefore the first published account of a man with this disorder. Many of the interpretations and ideas developed from Meursault's words, thoughts and actions must now be reconsidered, as they are a misreading of the words and behavior of a man with Asperger's syndrome. The outcome of this clinical examination of is unique; it shows that a precise account of a person with a neurobehavioral disorder was made by a novelist before the disorder had been clinically defined.
关于加缪著名小说《局外人》意义的持续讨论引发了一次重新阅读，而这反过来又导致了对其进行临床分析和进一步研究。这本书完全基于其核心人物默尔索的思想、言语和行为，结果发现这些表现出社会关系、沟通和互动方面的障碍，以及其他一些可诊断为自闭症谱系障碍亚斯伯格综合征的特征。后来发现加缪是以他的密友加林多为原型塑造默尔索的，因此开始寻找加林多性格的证据；这表明他是一个聪明但古怪的人，表现出亚斯伯格综合征典型的社会和个人行为障碍。这样看来，加缪在亚斯伯格综合征被定义之前就已经认识并理解了他朋友的奇怪行为；所以他将其用于塑造默尔索，是对患有这种疾病的人的首次公开描述。现在，许多从默尔索的言语、思想和行为中衍生出来的解读和观点都必须重新审视，因为它们是对一个患有亚斯伯格综合征的人的言语和行为的误读。对《局外人》进行这次临床审视的结果很独特；它表明，一位小说家在一种神经行为障碍被临床定义之前，就对患有这种疾病的人进行了精确描述。
