Sgouros George, Hobbs Robert, Josefsson Anders
The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Curr Radiopharm. 2018;11(3):209-214. doi: 10.2174/1874471011666180426130058.
Radiopharmaceutical therapy is a cancer treatment modality by which radiation is delivered directly to targeted tumor cells or to their microenvironment. This makes it possible to deliver highly potent alpha-particle radiation. The short-range and highly potent nature of alpha-particles require a dosimetry methodology that considers microscale distributions of the alpha-emitting agent. The high energy deposition density along an alpha-particle track causes a spectrum of DNA lesions. The majority of these are irreparable DNA double-stranded breaks. Accordingly the biologic effects of alpha- particles are largely impervious to the adaptive and resistance mechanism that renders other therapeutics ineffectual.
In this review, the radiobiology and dosimetry of alpha-particle emitting radionuclides as related to their use in radiopharmaceutical therapy, are presented.
Alpha-particle emitter radiopharmaceutical therapy is distinguished from other treatment modalities. Its safe clinical use requires an understanding of its unique dosimetry and radiobiology.
放射性药物治疗是一种癌症治疗方式，通过这种方式可将辐射直接传递至靶向肿瘤细胞或其微环境。这使得传递高能量的α粒子辐射成为可能。α粒子的短程和高能特性要求采用一种考虑发射α粒子药剂微观分布的剂量测定方法。沿着α粒子轨迹的高能量沉积密度会导致一系列DNA损伤。其中大多数是无法修复的DNA双链断裂。因此，α粒子的生物学效应在很大程度上不受使其他治疗方法失效的适应性和抗性机制的影响。
在本综述中，介绍了发射α粒子的放射性核素在放射性药物治疗中的放射生物学和剂量测定。
发射α粒子的放射性药物治疗有别于其他治疗方式。其安全的临床应用需要了解其独特的剂量测定和放射生物学。
