van der Kooij Katinka, Smeets Jeroen B J
Department of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2019 Jan;45(1):71-81. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000573. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
Recently it has been shown that rewarded variability can be used to adapt visuomotor behavior. However, its relevance seems limited because adaptation to binary rewards has been demonstrated only when the same movement is repeated throughout the experiment. We therefore investigated whether the adaptation is action-specific and whether the amount of exploration depends on spatial complexity. Participants pointed to 3-D visual targets without seeing their hand and could use only binary reward feedback to adapt their movements. We varied the number of target positions and the number of dimensions the feedback was based on. Because the feedback was based on a 5-cm rightward shifted hand position, adaptation was needed for good performance. The participants started naïve to the perturbation. If actions were made toward a single target position and the feedback was based on the lateral component of their response only, participants adapted completely within 200 trials. Having more than 1 target position or more than 1 dimension of performance resulted in considerably less adaptation but did not affect the exploration. Thus, reward-based adaptation can generalize across actions but is reduced by spatial complexity, whereas exploration is not affected by spatial complexity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
最近有研究表明，奖励变异性可用于适应性视觉运动行为。然而，其相关性似乎有限，因为仅在整个实验中重复相同运动时，才证明了对二元奖励的适应性。因此，我们研究了这种适应性是否具有动作特异性，以及探索量是否取决于空间复杂性。参与者在不看自己手的情况下指向三维视觉目标，并且只能使用二元奖励反馈来调整他们的动作。我们改变了目标位置的数量以及反馈所基于的维度数量。由于反馈基于手部位置向右偏移5厘米，因此需要进行适应性调整才能表现良好。参与者开始时对这种干扰并不了解。如果朝着单个目标位置进行动作，并且反馈仅基于他们反应的横向分量，那么参与者在200次试验内就能完全适应。有多个目标位置或多个表现维度会导致适应性显著降低，但不会影响探索。因此，基于奖励的适应性可以在不同动作之间推广，但会因空间复杂性而降低，而探索不受空间复杂性的影响。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2018美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
