Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Delfino Conti Street, s/n - Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis City, SC, Brazil E-mail:
Water Sci Technol. 2017 Apr;2017(1):287-299. doi: 10.2166/wst.2018.112.
Stormwater management (SWM) includes a wide range of services aimed at environmental protection, enhancement of water resources and flood control. Local governments are responsible for managing all these aspects within their jurisdiction, but they often present limitations in generating revenues. Thus, many municipalities have been seeking a dedicated funding source for these programs and practices. This publication provides a brief overview of current legal issues associated with stormwater funding focusing on the most used method: fees. It is a successful mechanism to fund legal obligations of municipalities; however, it must have a significant value to motivate the reduction of runoff. Through literature, we found stormwater fees in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Ecuador, France, Germany, Poland, South Africa and the United States (USA). France had the highest average monthly fee, but this financing experience was suspended in 2014. Brazil has the lowest fee by m², comparable to the US fee. While in Brazil overall SWM represents low priority investments, the USA represents one of the most evolved countries in stormwater funding practices. It was noticed by reviewing the international experience that charging stormwater fees is a successful mechanism to fund the legal obligations and environmental protection.
雨水管理（SWM）包括广泛的旨在环境保护、水资源增强和防洪的服务。地方政府负责管理其管辖范围内的所有这些方面，但它们在产生收入方面经常存在限制。因此，许多市政府一直在为这些项目和实践寻求专门的资金来源。本出版物简要概述了与雨水资金相关的当前法律问题，重点介绍了最常用的方法：费用。这是为市政当局的法律义务提供资金的成功机制；然而，它必须具有重要的价值，以激励径流的减少。通过文献，我们发现了澳大利亚、巴西、加拿大、厄瓜多尔、法国、德国、波兰、南非和美国（USA）的雨水费。法国的月平均费用最高，但这种融资经验在 2014 年暂停。巴西的每平方米费用最低，与美国的费用相当。虽然在巴西，整体雨水管理代表着低优先级的投资，但美国是雨水资金实践最发达的国家之一。从审查国际经验中注意到，收取雨水费是为法律义务和环境保护提供资金的成功机制。
