Qi S G, Wang Z H, Wang L M, Zhang M
National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2018 Apr 10;39(4):439-442. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.04.010.
To investigate the demographic characteristics of falls and fall-related injuries in Chinese elderly population. In 2013, the 4(th) round Chronic Non-communicable Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance in China was conducted in 31 provinces. A stratified multi-stage cluster sampling was used to select the samples. A total number of 98 629 community-based adults aged 60 years and older received a set of standardized questionnaires with a face to face interview. The prevalence rates of falls and consequent injuries were compared between different genders, age groups, levels of education and areas of residency. The overall prevalence of falls among elderly in the previous 6 months was 8.0%(95%: 7.5%-8.5%). The prevalence was increasing with age and decreasing with the levels of education, and higher in females (9.1%) than in males (6.8%), with differences statistically significant ((2)=74.1, <0.01). Prevalence rates were also seen higher in rural (8.6%), in widowed (11.0%) residents and in farmers or house workers than those in urban areas (7.2%), in non-widowed (7.0%), or having other jobs, with differences all statistically significant ((2)=7.7, <0.01, (2)=128.0, <0.01). 52.6% of the elderly got injured when fell. The proportion of injury was greater in females (54.8%) than that in males (49.6%), with differences statistically significant ((2)=10.2, <0.01). Proportion of most frequent types of injuries were hip fractures (7.3%), hand/arm fractures (12.5%), head injury (8.0%) and bruise (53.6%) respectively. The proportion of hip fractures was 12.4% in elderly over 80 year of age, also was the highest. Results from the present study showed that elderly suffered high prevalence of falls.Statistically significant differences were seen in residents with different groups as genders, age, education levels, marital status, urban/rural areas or jobs. Group-based comprehensive prevention and intervention on falls should be strengthened.
旨在调查中国老年人群跌倒及跌倒相关伤害的人口学特征。2013年，在中国31个省份开展了第4轮中国慢性病及危险因素监测。采用分层多阶段整群抽样方法选取样本。共有98629名60岁及以上的社区成年人接受了一套标准化问卷并进行面对面访谈。比较了不同性别、年龄组、教育程度和居住地区之间跌倒及随后受伤的患病率。前6个月老年人跌倒的总体患病率为8.0%（95%：7.5%-8.5%）。患病率随年龄增长而上升，随教育程度降低而下降，女性（9.1%）高于男性（6.8%），差异有统计学意义（χ²=74.1，P<0.01）。农村地区（8.6%）、丧偶者（11.0%）以及农民或家务劳动者的患病率也高于城市地区（7.2%）、非丧偶者（7.0%）或从事其他工作的人群，差异均有统计学意义（χ²=7.7，P<0.01；χ²=128.0，P<0.01）。52.6%的老年人跌倒时受伤。女性受伤比例（54.8%）高于男性（49.6%），差异有统计学意义（χ²=10.2，P<0.01）。最常见的伤害类型比例分别为髋部骨折（7.3%）、手部/手臂骨折（12.5%）、头部受伤（8.0%）和瘀伤（53.6%）。80岁以上老年人髋部骨折比例为12.4%，也是最高的。本研究结果表明老年人跌倒患病率较高。不同性别、年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、城乡地区或工作人群之间存在统计学显著差异。应加强基于群体的跌倒综合预防和干预。
