中国北京 2010 年至 2017 年期间使用急诊医疗服务的 100 万老年人的人口老龄化和伤害性跌倒：一项纵向观察研究。
Population ageing and injurious falls among one million elderly people who used emergency medical services from 2010 to 2017 in Beijing, China: a longitudinal observational study.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Peking University, School of Public Health, Beijing, China.
Emergency office, Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, Beijing, China.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2019 Jun 28;9(6):e028292. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028292.
OBJECTIVES
To access the epidemiological characteristics of elderly people using emergency medical services (EMS) in Beijing, as a consequence of injurious falls, and the association between an ageing population and injurious falls.
DESIGN
A longitudinal observational study based on Beijing EMS data.
SETTING
All citizens aged 60 years or above who used EMS from 2010 to 2017 in Beijing, China.
PARTICIPANTS
During 2010 to 2017, 2516 128 people used EMS in Beijing. Of these, 1528 938 people aged under 60 years were excluded and the remaining 987 190 people were included in our study.
METHODS
Data were from the emergency dispatch database of Beijing's Emergency Medical Centre. We described the proportion of elderly people using EMS in Beijing due to injurious falls with regard to region, time, sex, age and proportion of the elderly population.
RESULTS
Among the 987 190 participants who used EMS, 82 694 (8.38%) had had a fall. The proportion of falls rose from 7.12% in 2010 to 9.45% in 2017, and was higher in urban (8.62%) than in suburban (7.80%) regions. Elderly people were more likely to use EMS due to injurious falls during September to November (8.99%) than during December to February (7.68%) (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.19), and during 08:00 to 09:59 (10.02%) than during 00:00 to 01:59 (4.11%) (aOR=2.52). Elderly people in districts with high (8.92%, aOR=1.15) and medium (8.23%, aOR=1.09) proportions of an elderly population were more likely to use EMS due to injurious falls than those in districts with a low proportion of elderly population (7.81%).
CONCLUSIONS
In Beijing, the proportion of elderly people using EMS due to injurious falls increased with age, and was positively correlated with the proportion of the elderly population. Taking care of elderly people and preventing injurious falls should be one of the key issues to be handled in a society with an ageing population.
目的
了解北京市因伤害性跌倒而使用急救医疗服务（EMS）的老年人群的流行病学特征，以及人口老龄化与伤害性跌倒之间的关系。
设计
基于北京市 EMS 数据的纵向观察性研究。
地点
中国北京市，2010 年至 2017 年期间使用 EMS 的所有 60 岁及以上公民。
参与者
2010 年至 2017 年期间，北京市有 2516128 人使用 EMS，其中 1528938 人年龄小于 60 岁，被排除在外，其余 987190 人纳入本研究。
方法
数据来自北京市急救中心的紧急调度数据库。我们描述了北京市因伤害性跌倒而使用 EMS 的老年人群的比例，涉及区域、时间、性别、年龄以及老年人口比例。
结果
在 987190 名使用 EMS 的参与者中，82694 人（8.38%）曾跌倒。跌倒的比例从 2010 年的 7.12%上升到 2017 年的 9.45%，城市（8.62%）地区高于郊区（7.80%）。与 12 月至 2 月（7.68%）相比，老年人因伤害性跌倒而更有可能在 9 月至 11 月（8.99%）使用 EMS（调整后的优势比[aOR]=1.19），与 0 点至 1 点 59 分（4.11%）相比，更有可能在 8 点至 9 点 59 分（10.02%）使用 EMS（aOR=2.52）。老年人口比例较高（8.92%，aOR=1.15）和中等（8.23%，aOR=1.09）的区比老年人口比例较低（7.81%）的区更有可能因伤害性跌倒而使用 EMS。
结论
在北京，因伤害性跌倒而使用 EMS 的老年人群比例随年龄增长而增加，且与老年人口比例呈正相关。在老龄化社会中，照顾老年人和预防伤害性跌倒应是需要处理的关键问题之一。
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