Fraser Lynn R, Adeoya-Osiguwa Susan A
Reproduction and Rhythms Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, UK.
Reprod Med Biol. 2005 Mar 7;4(1):45-52. doi: 10.1007/BF03016136. eCollection 2005 Mar.
Male subfertility contributes significantly to fertility problems in couples. Although semen analysis may identify abnormalities in sperm numbers, morphology and/or motility that might contribute to subfertility, in other instances the semen parameters may appear to be normal, but the spermatozoa might be dysfunctional. A number of endogenous and exogenous factors have now been identified that can significantly affect sperm function and it is possible that they may have similar effects . Some endogenous factors maintain the spermatozoa in a non-fertilizing state, to avoid them 'burning out' and losing fertility before they reach an oocyte, while others stimulate spermatozoa to become fertile and then hold them in a state of readiness to fertilize. Exogenous environmental molecules, referred to as xenobiotics, have been shown to continuously stimulate spermatozoa so that they become fertile quickly, but then 'burn out'. Defects relating to the endogenous molecules could result in spermatozoa either never becoming fertile or becoming fertile too quickly and so losing fertilizing potential. By understanding the mechanisms involved in promoting sperm fertilizing ability, it may be possible to develop new therapeutic treatments to overcome such defects. (Reprod Med Biol 2005; : 45-53).
男性生育力低下是导致夫妻生育问题的重要因素。尽管精液分析可能会发现精子数量、形态和/或活力方面的异常，这些异常可能导致生育力低下，但在其他情况下，精液参数可能看起来正常，但精子可能功能失调。现已确定许多内源性和外源性因素会显著影响精子功能，并且它们可能有类似的作用。一些内源性因素使精子处于非受精状态，以避免它们在到达卵母细胞之前“耗尽”并丧失生育能力，而其他因素则刺激精子变得具有受精能力，然后使它们保持准备受精的状态。外源性环境分子，即所谓的外源性物质，已被证明会持续刺激精子，使其迅速具有受精能力，但随后会“耗尽”。与内源性分子相关的缺陷可能导致精子要么永远无法受精，要么受精过快从而失去受精潜力。通过了解促进精子受精能力的机制，有可能开发出新的治疗方法来克服此类缺陷。（《生殖医学与生物学》2005年；：45 - 53）
