Digital Human Research Group, Human Informatics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-3-26 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan.
National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, 4-1 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, Japan.
BMC Geriatr. 2018 Apr 27;18(1):101. doi: 10.1186/s12877-018-0784-5.
The Two-Step test is one of three official tests authorized by the Japanese Orthopedic Association to evaluate the risk of locomotive syndrome (a condition of reduced mobility caused by an impairment of the locomotive organs). It has been reported that the Two-Step test score has a good correlation with one's walking ability; however, its association with the gait pattern of older people during normal walking is still unknown. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the associations between the gait patterns of older people observed during normal walking and their Two-Step test scores.
We analyzed the whole waveforms obtained from the lower-extremity joint angles and joint moments of 26 older people in various stages of locomotive syndrome using principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA was conducted using a 260 × 2424 input matrix constructed from the participants' time-normalized pelvic and right-lower-limb-joint angles along three axes (ten trials of 26 participants, 101 time points, 4 angles, 3 axes, and 2 variable types per trial).
The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient between the scores of the principal component vectors (PCVs) and the scores of the Two-Step test revealed that only one PCV (PCV 2) among the 61 obtained relevant PCVs is significantly related to the score of the Two-Step test.
We therefore concluded that the joint angles and joint moments related to PCV 2-ankle plantar-flexion, ankle plantar-flexor moments during the late stance phase, ranges of motion and moments on the hip, knee, and ankle joints in the sagittal plane during the entire stance phase-are the motions associated with the Two-Step test.
两步测试是日本骨科协会认可的三种官方测试之一，用于评估运动机能障碍（一种因运动器官受损而导致活动能力下降的状态）的风险。据报道，两步测试评分与步行能力有很好的相关性；然而，它与老年人在正常行走时的步态模式之间的关系尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在阐明老年人在正常行走时观察到的步态模式与两步测试评分之间的关系。
我们使用主成分分析（PCA）对 26 名处于不同运动机能障碍阶段的老年人的下肢关节角度和关节力矩的全波进行了分析。PCA 使用一个 260×2424 的输入矩阵进行，该矩阵由参与者在三个轴上沿时间归一化的骨盆和右下肢关节角度构建（26 名参与者的 10 次试验，101 个时间点，4 个角度，3 个轴，每个试验 2 种变量类型）。
主成分向量（PCV）得分与两步测试得分之间的皮尔逊积矩相关系数表明，在获得的 61 个相关 PCV 中，只有一个 PCV（PCV2）与两步测试得分显著相关。
因此，我们得出结论，与 PCV2-踝关节跖屈、后蹬阶段后期踝关节跖屈肌力矩、整个蹬伸阶段矢状面髋关节、膝关节和踝关节的运动范围和力矩相关的关节角度和关节力矩是与两步测试相关的运动。
