在乌干达发现了 3 株 2 型疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒（VDPV2）。

The detection of 3 ambiguous type 2 vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV2s) in Uganda.

机构信息

Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI), Plot 51 - 59 Nakiwogo Road, P. O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda.

World Health Organization (WHO), Plot 60 Prince Charles Avenue, Kololo, P.O. Box 24578, Kampala, Uganda.

出版信息

Virol J. 2018 Apr 27;15(1):77. doi: 10.1186/s12985-018-0990-y.

DOI:10.1186/s12985-018-0990-y

PMID:29699577

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5922010/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV or Sabin) is genetically unstable and may mutate to form vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs).

METHODS

In 2014, two VDPVs type 2 were identified during routine surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases. Consequently, a retrospective VDPV survey was conducted to ensure that there was no circulating VDPV in the country. All Sabin poliovirus isolates identified in Uganda 6 months before and 6 months after were re-screened; Sabin 1 and 3 polioviruses were re-screened for Sabin 2 and Sabin 2 polioviruses were re-screened for VDPVs type 2. The Poliovirus rRT-PCR ITD/VDPV 4.0 assay and sequencing were used respectively.

RESULTS

The first two VDPVs type2 were identified in Eastern Uganda and the third was identified during the survey from South-western Uganda. These regions had low OPV coverage and poor AFP surveillance indicators.

CONCLUSION

The retrospective VDPV survey was a useful strategy to screen for VDPVs more exhaustively. Supplementary surveillance methods need to be encouraged.

摘要

背景

口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV 或沙宾）在遗传上不稳定，可能发生突变形成疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒（VDPV）。

方法

2014 年，在急性弛缓性麻痹（AFP）病例常规监测中发现两例 2 型 VDPV。因此，开展了回溯性 VDPV 调查，以确保该国没有循环 VDPV。对乌干达开展调查前 6 个月和开展后 6 个月的所有沙宾脊髓灰质炎病毒分离物进行重新筛查；重新筛查沙宾 1 和 3 型脊髓灰质炎病毒以筛查沙宾 2 型，重新筛查沙宾 2 型脊髓灰质炎病毒以筛查 2 型 VDPV。分别使用肠道病毒实时 RT-PCR 基因缺失/疫苗衍生脊灰病毒 4.0 检测法和测序法。