Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, 4001, Queensland, Australia.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Sep 1;635:1609-1619. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.098. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
Metals are one of the primary pollutants in the urban environment that pose adverse ecological and human health impacts. Therefore, the accurate quantification of the risk posed by metals is essential for developing effective risk management strategies to safeguard the urban environment. This study assessed the ecological and human health risks of six metals, commonly present in road dust by improving the original risk indices based on their potential bioavailability characteristics. The bioavailability of metals was determined by considering their distribution between the different geochemical phases of exchangeable, reducible, oxidisable and residual. The results of the modified risk analysis indicated that the road dust poses a low ecological risk in most of the study sites. According to the present situation, the non-cancer risk of individual metals for both, children and adults followed the decreasing trend of Pb > Cu > Cr > Zn > Ni > Cd. This study also found that depending on the particle size ranges, the potential of multiple metals being able to cause non-cancer health risk was low at most study sites. In terms of cancer health risk, Cr present at most of the study sites was found to be within the cancer threshold limit, even though the Cr content and the bioavailable fractions were relatively low.
金属是城市环境中主要的污染物之一，对生态和人类健康造成不良影响。因此，准确量化金属带来的风险对于制定有效的风险管理策略以保护城市环境至关重要。本研究通过改进基于潜在生物可利用性特征的原始风险指数，评估了道路尘埃中常见的六种金属的生态和人体健康风险。通过考虑金属在可交换、可还原、可氧化和残留等不同地球化学相之间的分布，来确定金属的生物可利用性。修正风险分析的结果表明，在大多数研究地点，道路尘埃造成的生态风险较低。根据现状，对于儿童和成人，个体金属的非致癌风险呈 Pb>Cu>Cr>Zn>Ni>Cd 的递减趋势。本研究还发现，根据粒径范围，在大多数研究地点，多种金属造成非致癌健康风险的可能性较低。就癌症健康风险而言，尽管 Cr 的含量和生物可利用分数相对较低，但在大多数研究地点，Cr 都被发现处于癌症阈值限制内。
