John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Institute for Experimental Medicine Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
Trends Neurosci. 2018 May;41(5):239-242. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2018.02.012.
Spinal cord repair research appeared to have run out of new ideas in the 1970s. In a 1981 paper, the Aguayo Laboratory revisited an experiment by Tello and Cajal that suggested that central nervous system (CNS) axons could regenerate into peripheral nerve grafts. Using modern axon tracing methods, David and Aguayo showed that axons from neurons in the spinal cord could regenerate for long distances within peripheral nervous system (PNS) grafts, but not back into the CNS. This proved that damaged CNS tissue is inhibitory to axon regeneration while PNS tissue is permissive. The experiment sparked a research revival, leading to the identification of many inhibitory molecules that block axon growth in the mature CNS.
脊髓修复研究在 20 世纪 70 年代似乎已经陷入了创新瓶颈。在 1981 年的一篇论文中，Aguayo 实验室重新研究了 Tello 和 Cajal 的一项实验，该实验表明中枢神经系统 (CNS) 轴突可以再生到周围神经移植物中。David 和 Aguayo 使用现代轴突示踪方法表明，脊髓神经元的轴突可以在周围神经移植物中长距离再生，但不能回到中枢神经系统。这证明受损的中枢神经系统组织对轴突再生具有抑制作用，而周围神经系统组织则具有允许性。该实验引发了研究的复兴，导致许多抑制分子的鉴定，这些分子阻止成熟中枢神经系统中的轴突生长。
