Samsung Health Research Institute, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Hwaseong 18448, Republic of Korea.
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
J Diabetes Complications. 2018 Jun;32(6):539-544. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.04.001. Epub 2018 Apr 5.
To identify the prevalence and mortality of type 2 diabetes in Asian Americans (Asians) vs. non-Hispanic whites (Whites).
We analyzed a nationally representative sample of 237,354 U.S. adults aged ≥30 years using National Health Interview Survey data from 2000 to 2014 to estimate the prevalence and trends of type 2 diabetes. Additionally, 144,638 Asians and Whites represented in surveys from 2000 to 2009 were included in the mortality analysis with follow-up to 2011.
Type 2 diabetes was higher in Asians than Whites (7.0-11.2 vs. 5.6-8.3%) and increased over time. Prevalence rates increased from 8.1 (2000-2002) to 9.6% (2012-2014) in Asians and from 6.0 (2000-2002) to 7.9% (2012-2014) in Whites (both P < 0.05). The age-standardized mortality rates were 72.7 and 138.8 per 1000 person-years in Asians and Whites with diabetes, respectively, and 58.1 and 77.8 per 1000 person-years, respectively, in those without diabetes. Among Asians and Whites with diabetes, hazard ratios for total and CVD mortality were 0.7 (95% CI: 0.5-0.9) and 0.3 (95% CI: 0.1-0.6), respectively, with no difference in cancer mortality. Asians and Whites without diabetes exhibited no differences in total or cause-specific mortality.
Type 2 diabetes was more prevalent in Asians, with a significant upward trend since 2000, but overall mortality was lower in Asians than Whites with diabetes. Asians are susceptible to type 2 diabetes; thus, prevention programs are still needed.
确定亚裔美国人（亚洲人）与非西班牙裔白人（白人）中 2 型糖尿病的患病率和死亡率。
我们使用 2000 年至 2014 年全国健康访谈调查数据，对 237354 名年龄≥30 岁的美国成年人进行了一项全国代表性样本分析，以估计 2 型糖尿病的患病率和趋势。此外，我们还纳入了 2000 年至 2009 年调查中代表的 144638 名亚洲人和白人，对其进行随访至 2011 年，以进行死亡率分析。
亚洲人患 2 型糖尿病的比例高于白人（7.0%-11.2%对 5.6%-8.3%），且呈上升趋势。亚洲人的患病率从 2000-2002 年的 8.1%上升到 2012-2014 年的 9.6%，而白人则从 6.0%上升到 7.9%（均 P<0.05）。亚洲人和白人糖尿病患者的年龄标准化死亡率分别为 72.7 和 138.8/1000 人年，非糖尿病患者的年龄标准化死亡率分别为 58.1 和 77.8/1000 人年。在亚洲人和白人糖尿病患者中，全因死亡率和心血管死亡率的风险比分别为 0.7（95%CI：0.5-0.9）和 0.3（95%CI：0.1-0.6），癌症死亡率无差异。亚洲人和白人非糖尿病患者的全因死亡率和死因特异性死亡率无差异。
2 型糖尿病在亚洲人中更为普遍，自 2000 年以来呈显著上升趋势，但亚洲人糖尿病患者的总体死亡率低于白人。亚洲人易患 2 型糖尿病，因此仍需开展预防计划。
