Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan.
Asahi University Hospital, 3- 23 Hashimoto-cho, Gifu, Gifu, 500-8523, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 4;9(1):3418. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-39001-y.
This study investigated the relationship between eating behavior and poor glycemic control in 5,479 Japanese adults with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) <6.5% who participated in health checks. Respondents to a 2013 baseline survey of eating behavior, including skipping breakfast and how quickly they consumed food were followed up until 2017. We defined poor glycemic control after follow-up as HbA1c ≥6.5%, or increases in HbA1c of ≥0.5% and/or being under medication to control diabetes. We identified 109 (2.0%) respondents who met these criteria for poor glycemic control. After adjusting for sex, age, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), and eating behavior, the risk of poor glycemic control was increased in males (odds ratio [OR], 2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.37-4.12; p < 0.01), and associated with being older (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04-1.11; p < 0.001), having a higher BMI (OR, 1.29; 95% CI 1.23-1.35; p < 0.001), skipping breakfast ≥3 times/week (OR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.35-4.41; p < 0.01), and changing from eating slowly or at medium speed to eating quickly (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.04-4.26; p < 0.05). In conclusion, Japanese adults who were male, older, had a high BMI, skipped breakfast ≥3 times/week and ate quickly were at increased risk for poor glycemic control.
本研究调查了 5479 名糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）<6.5%的日本成年人的饮食行为与血糖控制不佳之间的关系，这些成年人参与了健康检查。对 2013 年基线饮食行为的调查做出回应的参与者，包括不吃早餐以及进食速度，随访至 2017 年。我们将随访后 HbA1c≥6.5%、HbA1c 升高≥0.5%和/或使用药物控制糖尿病定义为血糖控制不佳。我们确定了 109 名（2.0%）符合这些血糖控制不佳标准的参与者。在调整了性别、年龄、吸烟状况、体重指数（BMI）和饮食行为后，男性发生血糖控制不佳的风险增加（比值比 [OR]，2.38；95%置信区间 [CI]，1.37-4.12；p<0.01），与年龄较大（OR，1.07；95% CI，1.04-1.11；p<0.001）、BMI 较高（OR，1.29；95% CI，1.23-1.35；p<0.001）、每周≥3 次不吃早餐（OR，2.44；95% CI，1.35-4.41；p<0.01）和进食速度由慢或中速变为快速（OR，2.11；95% CI，1.04-4.26；p<0.05）有关。总之，男性、年龄较大、BMI 较高、每周≥3 次不吃早餐和进食较快的日本成年人发生血糖控制不佳的风险增加。
