Mok W K H, Poh B K, Wee L H, Devanthini D G, Ruzita A T
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutritional Sciences Programme & Centre for Community Health, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Med J Malaysia. 2018 Apr;73(2):100-105.
Obesity and physical inactivity among school children are among the most challenging health problems in Malaysia. The present study aimed to evaluate the sustained impact of Juara Sihat programme on physical activity level and anthropometric status at 18-month post-intervention.
Participants of Juara Sihat (n=55) were followed-up at 18 months after completion of the intervention. Juara Sihat intervention was implemented over 12 weeks and focused on four key components: (i) five one-hour nutrition education classes, (ii) four one-hour physical activity education sessions, (iii) family involvement, and (iv) empowerment of Parents and Teachers Association. Anthropometric variables (body mass index, body fat percentage and waist circumference) were measured and physical activity level was evaluated by using Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) at baseline (P0), immediately upon completion of intervention (P1), at three-month post-intervention (P2), and at 18-month postintervention (P3). Analyses of repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with intention-to-treat principle were applied.
Sustained effects were found in BMI-for-age z-score which showed a reduction (P0 2.41±0.84 vs P3 2.27±0.81) and physical activity level which showed positive improvements (P0 2.46±0.62 vs P3 2.87±0.76) at 18 months after intervention was completed. Body fat and waist circumference had increased over the same time period.
Overall, this study successfully demonstrated sustained intervention effects of Juara Sihat intervention on BMI-for-age z-score and physical activity, but not on body fat percentage and waist circumference.
在马来西亚，学童肥胖和缺乏体育活动是最具挑战性的健康问题之一。本研究旨在评估“健康小冠军”计划在干预后18个月对身体活动水平和人体测量状况的持续影响。
“健康小冠军”计划的参与者（n = 55）在干预完成后18个月进行随访。“健康小冠军”干预实施了12周，重点关注四个关键组成部分：（i）五节一小时的营养教育课程，（ii）四节一小时的体育活动教育课程，（iii）家庭参与，以及（iv）家长教师协会的赋权。在基线（P0）、干预刚完成时（P1）、干预后三个月（P2）和干预后18个月（P3）测量人体测量变量（体重指数、体脂百分比和腰围），并使用儿童身体活动问卷（PAQ-C）评估身体活动水平。采用意向性分析原则进行重复测量协方差分析（ANCOVA）。
在干预完成18个月后，发现年龄别BMI z评分有持续下降（P0 2.41±0.84 vs P3 2.27±0.81），身体活动水平有积极改善（P0 2.46±0.62 vs P3 2.87±0.76）。在同一时期，体脂和腰围有所增加。
总体而言，本研究成功证明了“健康小冠军”干预对年龄别BMI z评分和身体活动有持续干预效果，但对体脂百分比和腰围没有效果。
