Sipowicz Justyna, Kujawski Ryszard
Wojewódzki Szpital dla Nerwowo i Psychicznie Chorych w Świeciu.
Psychiatr Pol. 2018 Feb 28;52(1):81-92. doi: 10.12740/PP/82196.
First descriptions of kleptomania as a mental disorder date back to the nineteenth century. For the first time, kleptomania as an accompanying symptom rather than a formal diagnosis was included in the classification of psychiatric disorders of the American Psychiatric Association DSM-I in 1952. It was included in the International Classification of Diseases ICD-10 and classified under "habit and impulse disorders". Kleptomania is a serious disorder, as numerous thefts are impulsively carried out, carrying the risk of detection and consequently criminal liability. In Poland, we lack epidemiological data, however, it is estimated that 5% of those who commit theft are affected by kleptomania. People suffering from this disorder often do not seek a medical opinion so reviewing such cases is challenging for expert psychiatrists. The authors have proposed the term "kleptomania spectrum" for defining cases in which patients have an intense urge to steal, experienced a sense of tension from such an action, and relief following it, however, the criterion of theft of a superfluous object, without a profitable motive for themselves or others is not met.
盗窃癖作为一种精神障碍的首次描述可追溯到19世纪。1952年，盗窃癖作为一种伴随症状而非正式诊断首次被纳入美国精神病学协会《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第一版（DSM-I）的精神疾病分类中。它被纳入《国际疾病分类》第十版（ICD-10），并归类于“习惯与冲动障碍”。盗窃癖是一种严重的障碍，因为大量盗窃行为是冲动实施的，存在被发现并因此承担刑事责任的风险。在波兰，我们缺乏流行病学数据，然而，据估计，盗窃者中有5%受盗窃癖影响。患有这种障碍的人往往不寻求医疗建议，因此对专家精神科医生来说，审查此类病例具有挑战性。作者提出了“盗窃癖谱系”这一术语，用于定义那些患者有强烈偷窃冲动、因这种行为而体验到紧张感并在之后感到解脱，但不符合偷窃多余物品且对自己或他人没有获利动机这一标准的病例。
