Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2018 Aug;53:74-80. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.04.011. Epub 2018 Apr 25.
Historically, antibody-mediated immunity was considered effective against toxins, extracellular pathogens and viruses, while control of intracellular pathogens was the domain of cellular immunity. However, numerous observations in recent decades have conclusively shown that antibody can protect against intracellular pathogens. This paradigmatic shift has tremendous implications for immunology and vaccine design. For immunology the observation that antibody can protect against intracellular pathogens has led to the discovery of new mechanisms of antibody action. For vaccine design the knowledge that humoral immunity can be effective in protection means that the knowledge acquired in more than a century of antibody studies can be applied to make new vaccines against this class of pathogens.
从历史上看，抗体介导的免疫被认为能有效对抗毒素、细胞外病原体和病毒，而细胞内病原体的控制则是细胞免疫的领域。然而，近几十年来的许多观察结果已经明确表明，抗体可以预防细胞内病原体。这种范式转变对免疫学和疫苗设计具有巨大的意义。对于免疫学来说，抗体可以预防细胞内病原体的观察结果导致了对抗体作用新机制的发现。对于疫苗设计来说，体液免疫可以有效保护的知识意味着，在一个多世纪的抗体研究中获得的知识可以应用于针对这类病原体制造新疫苗。
