Research Nucleus in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquiculture (NUPELIA) and Postgraduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems, State University of Maringá. Avenida Colombo, 5790, Bloco G90, sala 16, Laboratório de Genética, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Comparative Biology, State University of Maringá. Avenida Colombo, 5790, Bloco G90, sala 16, Laboratório de Genética, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
Chemosphere. 2018 Aug;205:339-349. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.069. Epub 2018 Apr 21.
The preservation of natural environments guarantees the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem processes. Biomonitoring programs in preserved sites can be carried out using molecular biomarkers, which reflect possible stresses that exist in the monitored location. The metallothionein (MT) proteins and isoenzyme Cytochrome P4501A (CYP4501A) are among the most used biomarkers and reflect the detoxification of metal and organic xenobiotics, respectively. This study aimed to assess the performance of these biomarkers in natural aquatic environments using a meta-analytic approach. The data search was conducted in ISI Web of Science™, considering papers published until August 2016. Studies included in this research needed to compare reference or control sites and sites under stress and be conducted in situ. In general, both biomarkers were useful when comparing control sites with sites under stress. Moreover, when the data were categorized into groups of organisms, mainly bivalves and fishes, there were differences between the groups and between the monitored environments, marine or freshwater. The use of these biomarkers in fish is suitable for freshwater environments, and bivalves are suitable for marine environments. We concluded that the concomitant use of vertebrate and invertebrate bioindicators is useful to develop an effective biomonitoring program and to avoid biases due the physiology of the selected bioindicator.
自然环境的保护保证了生物多样性和生态系统过程的保护。在保护区进行的生物监测计划可以使用分子生物标志物来进行，这些标志物反映了监测地点可能存在的压力。金属硫蛋白（MT）蛋白和同工酶细胞色素 P4501A（CYP4501A）是最常用的生物标志物之一，分别反映了金属和有机异生物质的解毒作用。本研究旨在使用荟萃分析方法评估这些生物标志物在自然水生环境中的性能。数据搜索在 ISI Web of Science™中进行，考虑了截至 2016 年 8 月发表的论文。本研究纳入的研究需要比较参考或对照地点与压力地点，并在现场进行。一般来说，当比较对照地点和压力地点时，这两种生物标志物都很有用。此外，当将数据分为贝类和鱼类等生物体组时，各组之间以及监测的海洋或淡水环境之间存在差异。这些生物标志物在鱼类中的使用适用于淡水环境，而贝类适用于海洋环境。我们得出结论，脊椎动物和无脊椎动物生物指标的同时使用有助于制定有效的生物监测计划，并避免由于所选生物指标的生理学而产生偏差。
