Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
J Magn Reson. 2018 Jun;291:84-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jmr.2018.01.012. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
The first use of a surface coil to obtain a P NMR spectrum from an intact rat by Ackerman and colleagues initiated a revolution in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS). Today, we take it for granted that one can detect signals in regions external to an RF coil; at the time, however, this concept was most unusual. In the approximately four decade long period since its introduction, this simple idea gave birth to an increasing number of innovations that has led to transformative changes in the way we collect data in an in vivo magnetic resonance experiment, particularly with MRI of humans. These innovations include spatial localization and/or encoding based on the non-uniform B field generated by the surface coil, leading to new spectroscopic localization methods, image acceleration, and unique RF pulses that deal with B inhomogeneities and even reduce power deposition. Without the surface coil, many of the major technological advances that define the extraordinary success of MRI in clinical diagnosis and in biomedical research, as exemplified by projects like the Human Connectome Project, would not have been possible.
阿克曼（Ackerman）及其同事首次使用表面线圈从完整的大鼠中获得 P NMR 光谱，这开创了磁共振成像（MRI）和磁共振波谱学（MRS）的革命。如今，我们认为在射频线圈外部的区域检测信号是理所当然的；然而，在当时，这个概念是非常不寻常的。自引入以来的大约四十年中，这个简单的想法催生了越来越多的创新，这些创新导致了我们在活体磁共振实验中收集数据的方式发生了变革性的变化，特别是在人类 MRI 方面。这些创新包括基于表面线圈产生的非均匀 B 场进行空间定位和/或编码，从而产生新的光谱定位方法、图像加速以及处理 B 不均匀性甚至降低功率沉积的独特 RF 脉冲。如果没有表面线圈，许多定义 MRI 在临床诊断和生物医学研究中非凡成功的主要技术进步，例如人类连接组计划（Human Connectome Project）等项目，就不可能实现。
