Folwarczny Michał, Kaczmarek Magdalena C, Doliński Dariusz, Szczepanowski Remigiusz
SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Psychology in Wrocław, Poland.
Institute of Psychosocial Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of the Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2018 May;186:126-132. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2018.04.012. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
This research investigated the cognitive mechanisms that underlie impairments in human reasoning triggered by the emotional see-saw technique. It has previously been stated that such manipulation is effective as it presumably induces a mindless state and cognitive deficits in compliant individuals. Based on the dual-system architecture of reasoning (system 2) and affective decision-making (system 1), we challenged the previous theoretical account by indicating that the main source of compliance is impairment of the meta-reasoning system when rapid affective changes occur. To examine this hypothesis, we manipulated affective feelings (system 1 processing) by violating participants' expectations regarding reward and performance in a go/no-go task in which individuals were to inhibit their responses to earn money. Aside from the go/no-go performance, we measured rationality (meta-reasoning system 2) in decision-making by asking participants to comply with a nonsensical request. We found that participants who were exposed to meta-reasoning impairments due to the emotional see-saw phenomenon exhibited mindless behavior.
本研究调查了由情绪跷跷板技术引发的人类推理障碍背后的认知机制。此前曾指出，这种操纵是有效的，因为它可能会在顺从的个体中诱发一种无意识状态和认知缺陷。基于推理（系统2）和情感决策（系统1）的双系统架构，我们对之前的理论解释提出了质疑，指出当快速的情感变化发生时，顺从的主要来源是元推理系统的损伤。为了检验这一假设，我们通过在一个“是/否”任务中违反参与者对奖励和表现的预期来操纵情感感受（系统1加工），在该任务中，个体需要抑制自己的反应以赚取金钱。除了“是/否”任务的表现，我们还通过要求参与者遵守一个荒谬的请求来测量决策中的理性（元推理系统2）。我们发现，由于情绪跷跷板现象而受到元推理损伤的参与者表现出无意识行为。
