Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland (CARRS-Q), Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, 4059, Australia.
QUT, School of Psychology and Counselling, Global Road Safety Partnership, Switzerland.
Accid Anal Prev. 2018 Aug;117:196-204. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2018.04.015. Epub 2018 Apr 27.
This study applied the Prototype Willingness Model (PWM) to investigate the factors that may predict young drivers' (non-intentional) willingness to text while driving, text while stopped, and engage in high and low levels of speeding. In addition, the study sought to assess whether general optimism bias would predict young drivers' willingness to text and speed over and above the PWM. Licenced drivers (N = 183) aged 17-25 years (M = 19.84, SD = 2.30) in Queensland, Australia completed an online survey. Hierarchical multiple regressions revealed that the PWM was effective in explaining the variance in willingness to perform all four illegal driving behaviours. Particularly, young drivers who possessed favourable attitudes and a positive prototype perception towards these behaviours were more willing to engage in texting and speeding. In contrast to the study's predictions, optimistically biased beliefs decreased young drivers' willingness to text while stopped and engage in high and low levels of speeding. The findings of the study may help inform policy and educational campaigns to better target risky driving behaviours by considering the influence of attitudes, prototypes and the non-intentional pathway that may lead to engagement in texting while driving and stopped and engagement in high and low levels of speeding.
本研究应用原型意愿模型（PWM）来调查可能预测年轻驾驶员（非故意）在驾驶时、停车时发送短信以及进行高低速驾驶的意愿的因素。此外，本研究还试图评估一般乐观偏见是否会预测年轻驾驶员在 PWM 之外发送短信和超速的意愿。昆士兰州的 17-25 岁（M=19.84，SD=2.30）持照驾驶员（N=183）完成了在线调查。分层多元回归显示，PWM 有效地解释了所有四种非法驾驶行为意愿的差异。特别是对这些行为持有有利态度和积极原型认知的年轻驾驶员更愿意发短信和超速。与研究预测相反，乐观偏见降低了年轻驾驶员在停车时发短信以及进行高低速驾驶的意愿。该研究的结果可能有助于通过考虑态度、原型和可能导致驾驶时和停车时发短信以及进行高低速驾驶的非故意途径的影响，为更有针对性地开展针对危险驾驶行为的政策和教育活动提供信息。
