Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul, 01797, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biological Sciences and Environmental Science Program, Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62026, United States.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 Mar;99:913-920. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.159. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial effect of Valerian/Cascade mixture on sleeping in mammal models. In pentobarbital-induced sleep model, Valerian, Cascade, and Valerian/Cascade mixture significantly reduced the latency time for sleeping, and total sleeping time effectively increased in these sample groups compared with the control. Valerian/Cascade mixture increased sleep duration by 37%. The mixture significantly increased the non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep time by 53% compared with the control, while REM sleeping time was decreased by 33% with Valerian/Cascade mixture, in Electroencephalography (EEG) analysis, resulting in the increase of total sleep time and the decrease of awakening. This sleep-promoting effect was obvious in caffeine-induced awakening model; Valerian, Cascade, and the mixture significantly enhanced NREM and total sleep time, which were reduced by caffeine. Caffeine-induced increase of awakening was effectively deceased to the normal level by these three samples. In particular, delta wave responsible for deep sleep in NREM was greatly increased by the mixture in both normal and caffeine-induced awake models. This sleep-promoting effect of Valerian/Cascade mixture was shown to be due to the upregulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABAR). Valerian/Cascade mixture showed 91% binding capacity to GABA-BZD receptor. Two compounds, Valerenic acid and Xanthohumol, were shown to significantly contribute to the binding activity of Valerian/Cascade mixture on the GABA receptor.
本研究旨在探讨缬草/ cascades 混合物对哺乳动物模型睡眠的有益作用。在戊巴比妥诱导的睡眠模型中，与对照组相比，缬草、 cascades 和缬草/ cascades 混合物显著缩短了入睡潜伏期，有效增加了总睡眠时间。缬草/ cascades 混合物使睡眠时间延长了 37%。与对照组相比，混合物使非快速眼动 (NREM) 睡眠时间显著增加了 53%，而 REM 睡眠时间则减少了 33%，在脑电图 (EEG) 分析中，导致总睡眠时间增加和觉醒减少。这种促睡眠作用在咖啡因诱导的觉醒模型中更为明显;缬草、 cascades 和混合物显著增强了 NREM 和总睡眠时间，而咖啡因则降低了这些时间。这三种样本有效地将咖啡因引起的觉醒增加降低到正常水平。特别是，在正常和咖啡因诱导的清醒模型中，混合物大大增加了负责 NREM 深度睡眠的 delta 波。缬草/ cascades 混合物的这种促睡眠作用被证明是由于γ-氨基丁酸 A 受体 (GABAR) 的上调。缬草/ cascades 混合物对 GABA-BZD 受体的结合能力为 91%。两种化合物，缬草酸和黄腐醇，被证明对缬草/ cascades 混合物在 GABA 受体上的结合活性有显著贡献。
