Dreshchinskii Alexander, Engel Anja
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Duesternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
J Plankton Res. 2017 Nov;39(6):943-961. doi: 10.1093/plankt/fbx055. Epub 2017 Oct 4.
The sea surface microlayer (SML) is the uppermost layer of the water column that links the ocean and atmosphere. It accumulates a variety of biogenic surface-active and buoyant substances, including gelatinous material, such as transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and Coomassie stainable particles (CSP), potentially affecting air-sea exchange processes. Here, we studied the influence of the annual cycle of phytoplankton production on organic matter (OM) accumulation in the SML relative to the subsurface water (SSW). Sampling was performed monthly from April 2012 to November 2013 at the Boknis Eck Time Series Station (Baltic Sea). For SML sampling, we used the Garrett screen, while SSW samples were collected by Niskin bottles at 1 m depth. Samples were analyzed for carbohydrates, amino acids, TEP, CSP, chlorophyll (SSW only) and bacterial abundance. Our data showed that the SML reflected the SSW during most parts of the year, with changes mainly responding to bloom formation and decay. OM composition during phytoplankton blooms clearly differed from periods of higher bacterial abundance. Of all components investigated, only the enrichment of total carbohydrates in the SML was inversely related to the wind speed indicating that wind-driven mixing also affected the accumulation of OM in the SML during our study.
海洋表层微层（SML）是连接海洋和大气的水柱最上层。它积累了各种生物源表面活性物质和浮力物质，包括凝胶状物质，如透明胞外聚合物颗粒（TEP）和考马斯亮蓝可染色颗粒（CSP），这可能会影响海气交换过程。在此，我们研究了浮游植物生产的年度周期相对于次表层水（SSW）对SML中有机物（OM）积累的影响。2012年4月至2013年11月，每月在博克尼斯埃克时间序列站（波罗的海）进行采样。对于SML采样，我们使用了加勒特筛网，而SSW样本则通过1米深度的尼斯金采水器采集。对样本进行了碳水化合物、氨基酸、TEP、CSP、叶绿素（仅SSW）和细菌丰度的分析。我们的数据表明，在一年的大部分时间里，SML反映了SSW，其变化主要响应水华的形成和衰退。浮游植物水华期间的OM组成明显不同于细菌丰度较高的时期。在所有调查的组分中，只有SML中总碳水化合物的富集与风速呈负相关，这表明在我们的研究期间，风驱动的混合也影响了SML中OM的积累。
