Science. 1976 Dec 24;194(4272):1415-8. doi: 10.1126/science.194.4272.1415.
Dissolved organic carbon, carbohydrates, and adenosine triphosphate in the size fractions 0.2 to 3 micrometers and 3 to 1000 micrometers are significantly enriched in the upper 150-micrometer surface layer compared to subsurface water, mean enrichment factors being 1.6, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.1, respectively. When calculated as a 0.1-micrometer microlayer of wet surfactants, the mean concentration of organic matter was 2.9 grams per liter, of which carbohydrates accounted for 28 percent. The data for plant pigments and particulate adenosine triphosphate indicated that bacterioneuston was enriched at seven of nine stations while phagotrophic protists were enriched at five stations. Instances of enrichment and inhibition were verified by cultural data for bacteria and amoebas. The observations indicate that the surface microlayers are largely heterotrophic microcosms, which can be as rich as laboratory cultures, and that an appreciable part of the dissolved organic carbon is carbohydrate of phytoplankton origin, released and brought to the surface by migrating and excreting phagotrophic protists.
在 0.2 到 3 微米和 3 到 1000 微米的粒径中，溶解有机碳、碳水化合物和三磷酸腺苷在上层 150 微米的表层中明显富集，与次表层水相比，平均富集因子分别为 1.6、2.0、2.5 和 3.1。当作为 0.1 微米的湿表面活性剂微层计算时，有机物质的平均浓度为 2.9 克/升，其中碳水化合物占 28%。植物色素和颗粒三磷酸腺苷的数据表明，在九个站位中的七个站位，细菌后生动物被富集，而五个站位则被吞噬性原生动物富集。通过细菌和变形虫的培养数据证实了富集和抑制的实例。这些观察结果表明，表面微层主要是异养微生物群，其丰富程度可与实验室培养物相媲美，并且溶解有机碳的相当一部分是浮游植物来源的碳水化合物，由迁移和排泄的吞噬性原生动物释放并带到表面。
