Zhang Jun Hua, Zheng Guo Qi
Institute of Environmental Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2016 May;27(5):1647-1656. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201605.040.
Lycium barbarum (Solanaceae) is an important Chinese herbal medicine and tonic species, having great contribution to local economic growth in Ningxia. It is important to study the rhizosphere nematode community structure at different conditions to prevent soil degradation of L. barbarum. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of seasonal changes, planting age and soil layers on soil nematodes community structure. The research was based on Zhongning County, where L. barbarum originated. The results showed that the abundance of soil nematode in summer was the highest and Rhabditidae and Acrobeloides were the dominant genera; the abundance of nematode in spring was significantly less than that in summer and in autumn; Rhabditidae, Pararotylenchus and Rotylenchus were the dominant genera in spring. The type and quantity of rare genera decreased gradually from spring to autumn. The abundance of nematode was increased then decreased in spring and autumn. The abundance of nematode gradually decreased with the planting age in summer. The proportion of bacterivores was the highest, and fungivorous nematodes and predators-omnivores had the lowest abundance. Plant parasites nematode was relatively higher at young and over 9-year stages. The abundance of nematode in 20-40 cm soil layer was 49.4% higher than that in 0-20 cm soil layer in summer. With the increase of planting age, Shannon diversity index (H), evenness index and richness index of nematode were in a decreased-increased-decreased pattern of change, and dominance index decreased then increased. There was significant positive correlation between soil pH and dominance index in summer. Organic matter was significantly positively correlated while available P was negatively correlated with plant parasites nematodes. Alkali-hydrolyzable N was significantly positively correlated with abundance of nematode, while available K and many nematode indexes were significantly negatively correlated. On the whole, the abundance of nematode had an increased-decreased tendency with the increasing of planting age in spring and autumn, while the abundance of nematode decreased in summer and diversity of nematode community decreased, gradually. In addition, the reproduction of plant parasites nematodes should be inhibited at young and over 9-years to ensure the L. barbarum live through the following periods.
枸杞（茄科）是一种重要的中药材和滋补品，对宁夏当地经济增长有巨大贡献。研究不同条件下枸杞根际线虫群落结构对于防止枸杞土壤退化具有重要意义。本研究的目的是确定季节变化、种植年限和土壤层次对土壤线虫群落结构的影响。该研究以枸杞的发源地中宁县为基础。结果表明，夏季土壤线虫丰度最高，小杆线虫科和拟阿勇线虫属为优势属；春季线虫丰度显著低于夏季和秋季，春季优势属为小杆线虫科、拟盘旋线虫属和盘旋线虫属。稀有属的种类和数量从春季到秋季逐渐减少。春季和秋季线虫丰度先增加后减少。夏季线虫丰度随种植年限增加而降低。食细菌线虫比例最高，食真菌线虫和捕食杂食线虫丰度最低。植物寄生线虫在幼龄期和9年以上阶段相对较高。夏季20 - 40厘米土层线虫丰度比0 - 20厘米土层高49.4%。随着种植年限增加，线虫的香农多样性指数（H）、均匀度指数和丰富度指数呈下降 - 上升 - 下降的变化模式，优势度指数先下降后上升。夏季土壤pH与优势度指数呈显著正相关。有机质与植物寄生线虫呈显著正相关，有效磷与植物寄生线虫呈负相关。碱解氮与线虫丰度呈显著正相关，有效钾与许多线虫指标呈显著负相关。总体而言，春季和秋季线虫丰度随种植年限增加呈先增加后减少趋势，夏季线虫丰度降低，线虫群落多样性逐渐降低。此外，在幼龄期和9年以上阶段应抑制植物寄生线虫的繁殖，以确保枸杞顺利度过后续生长阶段。
