Vrba P, Nedved O, Zahradnickova H, Konvicka M
Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, Czech Republic.
Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS; Faculty of Sciences, University South Bohemia, Czech Republic.
Cryo Letters. 2017 Jul/Aug;38(4):330-338.
BACKGROUND: Butterflies Colias hyale and C. palaeno differ in distribution, habitat, voltinism and cold hardiness.
To compare changes in supercooling point (SCP) and cryoprotectant concentration(CPAc) of outdoor-reared caterpillars.
SCP was measured with a thermocouple and CPAc by gas chromatography monthly during winter.
Seasonal changes in SCP and CPAc in overwintering larvae followed the pattern of change in ambient temperature. Only in warm November, SCP was low and CPAc high in boreal univoltine C. palaeno, whereas the opposite appeared in temperate multivoltine C. hyale. In mild December, SCP increased and CPAc decreased in C. palaeno, and acclimation reappeared in cold January. Both species differed in monthly cryoprotectant profiles, regarding both constitutive and inducible compounds.
Seasonal pattern of SCP/CPAc enables C. palaenoto survive early frosts, but the costs of repeated acclimation during mild winters may set southern or low altitude limits of its distribution.
背景：海莱粉蝶（Colias hyale）和古铜色粉蝶（C. palaeno）在分布、栖息地、化性和耐寒性方面存在差异。
比较室外饲养的毛虫过冷却点（SCP）和抗冻剂浓度（CPAc）的变化。
在冬季每月用热电偶测量SCP，用气相色谱法测量CPAc。
越冬幼虫的SCP和CPAc的季节性变化遵循环境温度的变化模式。仅在温暖的11月，北方单化性的古铜色粉蝶的SCP较低而CPAc较高，而温带多化性的海莱粉蝶则相反。在温和的12月，古铜色粉蝶的SCP升高而CPAc降低，并且在寒冷的1月适应性变化再次出现。关于组成型和诱导型化合物，两种粉蝶的月度抗冻剂谱均存在差异。
SCP/CPAc的季节性模式使古铜色粉蝶能够在早霜中存活，但在温和冬季反复适应的代价可能会设定其分布的南部或低海拔界限。
