Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, D-50939 Cologne, Germany.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2018 Jul 11;17(7):864-873. doi: 10.1039/c7pp00456g.
Smart, molecularly structured materials with remote-controllable properties and functionalities attract particular attention and may enable advanced applications. In this respect, the embedment of stimuli-responsive molecules, such as azobenzenes, spiropyrans or diarylethenes, in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a very fascinating approach, resulting in easily accessible photoswitchable, nanoporous hybrid materials. It is an attractive alternative to the incorporation of the smart moieties in the MOF scaffold, which usually demands complex synthetic efforts. Here, the opportunities, properties and perspectives of the embedment of photochromic molecules in MOF pores are reviewed. In addition to presenting a straightforward route to prepare smart materials with, e.g., photoswitchable adsorption properties that can be used for remote-controllable membrane separation, the photoswitch@MOF compounds also represent unique model systems to investigate the dye as well as the MOF properties and their interactions with each other. For instance, the MOF pores possess a polarity similar to a solvent, so that the optical properties of the resulting materials may be influenced by a careful choice of the respective host material.
具有远程可控性质和功能的智能、分子结构材料引起了特别关注，并可能实现先进的应用。在这方面，将刺激响应分子（如偶氮苯、螺吡喃或二噻吩乙烯）嵌入金属有机骨架（MOF）中是一种非常吸引人的方法，可得到易于获得的光致变色、纳米多孔杂化材料。与在 MOF 支架中嵌入智能部分相比，这是一种有吸引力的替代方法，因为后者通常需要复杂的合成工作。在这里，综述了将光致变色分子嵌入 MOF 孔中的机会、性质和前景。除了提供一种简单的方法来制备具有例如光致切换吸附性质的智能材料，这些材料可用于远程可控的膜分离外，光致变色@MOF 化合物还代表了独特的模型系统，可用于研究染料以及 MOF 的性质及其相互作用。例如，MOF 孔具有类似于溶剂的极性，因此所得材料的光学性质可能会受到所选主体材料的影响。
