Nerve Regeneration group, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular - IBMC and Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal.
Dev Neurobiol. 2018 Oct;78(10):952-959. doi: 10.1002/dneu.22602. Epub 2018 May 8.
In the adult vertebrate central nervous system, axons generally fail to regenerate. In contrast, peripheral nervous system axons are able to form a growth cone and regenerate upon lesion. Among the multiple intrinsic mechanisms leading to the formation of a new growth cone and to successful axon regrowth, cytoskeleton organization and dynamics is central. Here we discuss how multiple pathways that define the regenerative capacity converge into the regulation of the axonal microtubule cytoskeleton and transport. We further explore the use of dorsal root ganglion neurons as a model to study the neuronal regenerative ability. Finally, we address some of the unanswered questions in the field, including the mechanisms by which axonal transport might be modulated by injury, and the relationship between microtubule organization, dynamics, and axonal transport. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 00: 000-000, 2018.
在成年脊椎动物中枢神经系统中，轴突通常无法再生。相比之下，周围神经系统轴突能够形成生长锥，并在损伤后再生。在导致新生长锥形成和成功轴突再生的多种内在机制中，细胞骨架组织和动力学是核心。在这里，我们讨论了多个定义再生能力的途径如何汇聚到对轴突微管细胞骨架和运输的调节。我们还进一步探讨了使用背根神经节神经元作为模型来研究神经元再生能力。最后，我们解决了该领域的一些未解决的问题，包括轴突运输可能如何被损伤调节的机制，以及微管组织、动力学和轴突运输之间的关系。© 2018 威利父子公司
