Oncology Pharmacy, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.
School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao SAR, China.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2018 Dec 1;40(4):e560-e570. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdy077.
Breast cancer is the third leading cause of death from cancer among females in Macao, but little is known about local practice of breast cancer screening. The study aims to evaluate breast cancer screening behaviors and to identify the predictors of insufficient knowledge and attitudes towards breast cancer and its screening among female residents.
This was a cross-sectional study conducted from April to June 2016 in Macao. Quota sampling of women completed the modified Chinese Breast Cancer Screening Beliefs questionnaire (CBCSB) to assess their breast cancer-related perceptions, screening attitudes and behaviors. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify the predictors of poor-screening practices, attitudes, knowledge and perceived barriers to mammography.
A total of 417 women (mean age±SD: 50.5±5.7) completed surveys, with 160 (38.4%), 196 (47.0%) and 103 (24.7%) women received breast self-examination, clinical breast examination and mammography as recommended, respectively. Nulliparity (OR=2.56, 95% CI = 1.14-5.73) and low education (OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.04-2.84) were significantly associated with negative attitude towards health check-ups. Women did not know anyone with breast cancer (OR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.50-3.55) were more likely to have insufficient knowledge about breast cancer. Low education (OR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.25-3.04) and not knowing anyone with breast cancer (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.31-3.13) were identified as predictors for perceived barriers to mammography.
Recommendations for breast cancer screening are poorly followed by the residents in Macao, and a culturally tailored educational program is urgently needed to raise the public's awareness of the disease and the screening practices.
乳腺癌是澳门女性癌症死亡的第三大原因，但对当地乳腺癌筛查实践知之甚少。本研究旨在评估乳腺癌筛查行为，并确定澳门女性对乳腺癌及其筛查的认知和态度不足的预测因素。
这是一项 2016 年 4 月至 6 月在澳门进行的横断面研究。采用配额抽样法选取女性完成改良后的中文乳腺癌筛查信念问卷（CBCSB），以评估其与乳腺癌相关的认知、筛查态度和行为。采用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析确定不良筛查行为、态度、知识和对乳房 X 光摄影的认知障碍的预测因素。
共有 417 名女性（平均年龄±标准差：50.5±5.7）完成了调查，其中 160（38.4%）、196（47.0%）和 103（24.7%）名女性分别接受了推荐的乳房自我检查、临床乳房检查和乳房 X 光摄影检查。初产（OR=2.56，95%CI=1.14-5.73）和低教育程度（OR=1.72，95%CI=1.04-2.84）与对健康检查的消极态度显著相关。不认识任何患有乳腺癌的人（OR=2.30，95%CI=1.50-3.55）更有可能对乳腺癌的知识不足。低教育程度（OR=1.95，95%CI=1.25-3.04）和不认识任何患有乳腺癌的人（OR=2.02，95%CI=1.31-3.13）是对乳房 X 光摄影认知障碍的预测因素。
澳门居民对乳腺癌筛查的建议执行情况不佳，急需制定有针对性的文化教育计划，提高公众对该疾病和筛查实践的认识。
