Gruber Michael J, Palmquist Eva, Nordin Steven
Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Sweden.
Scand J Psychol. 2018 Aug;59(4):422-427. doi: 10.1111/sjop.12449. Epub 2018 May 9.
Health problems evoked in the presence of electrical equipment is a concern, calling for better understanding for characteristics of electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) in the general population. The present study investigated demographics, lifestyle factors, frequency and duration, coping strategies, proportion meeting clinical criteria for intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and comorbidity. Using data from a large-scale population-based questionnaire study, we investigated persons with self-reported (n = 91) EHS in comparison to referents (n = 3,250). Middle age, female sex and poor perceived health was found to be associated with EHS. More than 50% in the EHS group reported having EMF-related symptoms more often than once a week, and the mean number of years experiencing EHS was 10.5. More than half of the EHS group reported that their symptoms started after a high-dose or long-term EMF exposure, that they actively tried to avoid EMF sources and that they mostly could affect the EMF environment. A minority of the EHS group had sought medical attention, been diagnosed by a physician or received treatment. Exhaustion syndrome, anxiety disorder, back/joint/muscle disorder, depression, functional somatic syndrome and migraine were comorbid with EHS. The results provide ground for future study of these characteristic features being risk factors for development of EHS and or consequences of EHS.
电气设备存在时引发的健康问题令人担忧,这需要更好地了解普通人群中电磁超敏反应(EHS)的特征。本研究调查了人口统计学特征、生活方式因素、发生频率和持续时间、应对策略、符合电磁场(EMF)不耐受临床标准的比例以及合并症情况。利用一项基于大规模人群的问卷调查研究的数据,我们对自我报告患有EHS的人群(n = 91)与对照人群(n = 3250)进行了调查。研究发现,中年、女性以及健康状况不佳与EHS相关。EHS组中超过50%的人报告称,与EMF相关的症状每周出现不止一次,且经历EHS的平均年数为10.5年。超过一半的EHS组人员报告称,他们的症状在高剂量或长期接触EMF后开始出现,他们积极尝试避免接触EMF源,并且大多能够影响EMF环境。EHS组中有少数人寻求过医疗帮助、被医生诊断或接受过治疗。疲惫综合征、焦虑症、背部/关节/肌肉疾病、抑郁症、功能性躯体综合征和偏头痛与EHS合并存在。这些结果为未来研究这些特征作为EHS发生的危险因素和/或EHS的后果提供了依据。
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