Efficacy of an SMS-Based Smoking Intervention Using Message Self-Authorship: A Pilot Study.

INTRODUCTION

Text-message-based interventions hold great potential for intervention and are increasingly feasible, given advances in information technology.

AIMS

This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to compare the efficacy of self-versus expert-authored content delivered via text-messaging for smoking cessation.

METHODS

Sixty-two participants aged 25-66 attended laboratory sessions pre- and post-30 days of text-messaging intervention. Participants were randomised to one of two experimental conditions - self-authorship (SA) only and SA with implementation intentions (SA+ii) - or active control. Participants composed 30-60 brief motivational cessation messages for use during their cessation attempt. SA+ii participants were further instructed to anticipate obstacles and form simple if-then plans to overcome them. Experimental groups received their self-authored texts during the intervention phase, whereas control participants received expert-authored messages.

RESULTS

Overall, smoking decreased as measured by change in exhaled carbon monoxide (CO), (1,59) = 4.43, = 0.04. The SA+ii group showed slightly greater CO reduction ( = 3.63, = 5.39) than control ( = 0.03, = 5.80; (40) = 2.08, = 0.04). SA alone ( = 1.97, = 9.30) was not more effective than control.

CONCLUSIONS

SA does not appear to increase efficacy. However, this pilot supports prior research, indicating that text-based interventions can increase smoking cessation success and may decrease psychological symptoms of withdrawal. Much research is needed to identify ways to bolster intervention efficacy.