Lin Amy Hui-Mei
Bi-State School of Food Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.
Washington State University, Pullman, WA.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018 Jun;66 Suppl 3:S35-S38. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001973.
Starch is the major source of dietary glucose for rapid development of children. Starches from various crops naturally differ in molecular structures and properties. Cooking, processing, and storage may change their molecular properties and affect their digestibility and functionality. Starch digestion is affected by its susceptibility to α-amylase and α-glucosidase (maltase), and the susceptibility is determined by starch granule architecture and glucan structures, as well as the interaction between starch and other food components. Starch is given as a complementary feeding to young children in many cultures, and starch or modified starch, is used in special formulae of infant foods or supplements. Although indigestible starch does not provide much energy, it can benefit colonic health.
淀粉是儿童快速发育所需膳食葡萄糖的主要来源。各种作物中的淀粉在分子结构和特性上天然存在差异。烹饪、加工和储存可能会改变其分子特性,并影响其消化率和功能。淀粉消化受其对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶(麦芽糖酶)的敏感性影响,而这种敏感性由淀粉颗粒结构和葡聚糖结构以及淀粉与其他食物成分之间的相互作用决定。在许多文化中,淀粉被用作幼儿的辅食,并且淀粉或变性淀粉被用于婴儿食品或补充剂的特殊配方中。虽然难消化淀粉提供的能量不多,但它对结肠健康有益。