Ma Chen, Zhang Qun, Lv Dai-Zhu, Song Jia, Fan Qiong, Tian Hai, Wang Ming-Yue
Analysis and Testing Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou 571101, China.
Foods. 2024 Jun 26;13(13):2019. doi: 10.3390/foods13132019.
Estimating the impact of pesticide residue bioaccessibility in fruits on dietary exposure is a complex task in human health risk assessment. This research investigated the bioaccessibility of ten commonly used and detected pesticides in bananas and mangoes, as well as the factors influencing it, using an model. The highest bioaccessibility was observed at pH levels of 2.5 and 6.5 in the gastric and intestinal stages, respectively. Bioaccessibility decreased significantly with increasing solid/liquid ratios for most pesticides. The consumption of protein and four dietary components (carbohydrates, protein, lipids, and dietary fiber) could significantly reduce pesticide bioaccessibility by 9.89-48.32% ( < 0.05). Bioaccessibility in oral and gastric stages among four populations followed the order of adults/the elderly > children > infants, due to decreasing concentrations of α-amylase and pepsin. Pesticides in bananas generally exhibited a higher bioaccessibility (18.65-82.97%) compared to that in mangoes (11.68-87.57%). Bioaccessibility showed a negative correlation with the Log P values of the target pesticide, while no clear relationship was found between bioaccessibility and initial pesticide concentrations. Incorporating bioaccessible pesticide concentrations into risk assessments could lower dietary risk estimates by 11.85-79.57%. Assessing human exposure to pesticides based on bioaccessibility would greatly improve the accuracy of the risk assessment.
评估水果中农药残留生物可及性对膳食暴露的影响是人类健康风险评估中的一项复杂任务。本研究使用一种模型，调查了香蕉和芒果中十种常用且被检测到的农药的生物可及性及其影响因素。在胃阶段pH值为2.5以及肠阶段pH值为6.5时观察到最高的生物可及性。对于大多数农药而言，随着固液比增加，生物可及性显著降低。蛋白质以及四种膳食成分（碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂质和膳食纤维）的摄入可使农药生物可及性显著降低9.89%至48.32%（P<0.05）。由于α-淀粉酶和胃蛋白酶浓度降低，四个群体在口腔和胃阶段的生物可及性遵循成人/老年人>儿童>婴儿的顺序。香蕉中的农药通常比芒果中的农药表现出更高的生物可及性（18.65%至82.97%），而芒果中的农药生物可及性为11.68%至87.57%。生物可及性与目标农药的Log P值呈负相关，而生物可及性与初始农药浓度之间未发现明确关系。将生物可及的农药浓度纳入风险评估可使膳食风险估计值降低11.85%至79.57%。基于生物可及性评估人类对农药的暴露将大大提高风险评估的准确性。
